|
"Evaluation of the costs and benefits of Mumbai sewage disposal project India "(Indian Journal of Geo-marine Sciences)
(Leena Vachasiddha,Vol. 46(8),,1539- 1545,Year : 2017)
|
Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai intends to undertake Mumbai Sewage Disposal (MSDP) for improvement of environment in and around Mumbai city. Sewage generated from the city currently gets into nearby marine water body. This paper addresses the cost benefit analysis of MSDP works for better compliance of sewage treatment and disposal. Cost benefit analysis indicates that the investment in sewage treatment is economically beneficial and will provide immense social, environmental and economic benefits. Positive benefits such as improved tourism, avoided health costs and enhanced fish catches can be a major outcome of the project. The total capital cost of the project is estimated to be about INR 51510 million and operation and maintenance cost is about INR 2240.6 million. The cost benefit analysis indicates that a benefit of about 25855 million per year due to implementation of this project. The direct cost benefits alone indicate the positive result which is expected due to this project implementation.
|
|
An impact of sewage pumping failure on coastal water quality of Mumbai, India. (Indian Journal of Geo-marine Sciences)
(Trupti Mardikar,Vol. 46(8),,1528-1538,Year : 2017)
|
A model was conceptualised to emulate the behaviour of coastal water during high and low tides and the impact of the pump failure in present and projected future scenarios was estimated on it. The model was validated before being used for failure scenario simulation. The study indicates that potential adverse effects on water quality are imminent in case of sewage pumping station failure and warrants better planning and management in terms of diversionary and evacuation routes and preparedness plans.
|
|
Auxin Treatment of Wetland and Non-wetland Plant Species to Enhance Their Phytoremediation Efficiency to Treat Municipal Wastewater.(Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research)
(S. A Tandon, S Parsana,Vol. 74,,702-707,Year : 2015)
|
Auxin treatment of wetland and non-wetland plant species for increasing their phytoremediation efficiency to treat municipal wastewater was studied. The mesocosms were set up with gravels and polyethylene balls as the inert support media. The wetland plant species (Alternanthera philoxeroides, Eichhornia crassipes) and non-wetland species (Chrysopogon zizanioides, Festuca arundinaceae) were treated with six concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 and 10.0 mg/L) of natural auxins (Indole-3-acetic acid, Indole-3-butyric acid) and a synthetic auxin (1-Naphathaleneacetic acid). The optimum auxin concentration was found to be 2 mg/L of IAA, 1mg/L of IAA and 1mg/L of IBA for Alternanthera philoxeroides, Festuca arundinaceae and Chrysopogon zizanioides, respectively. The removal efficiencies of auxin treated Alternanthera philoxeroides, Festuca arundinaceae and Chrysopogon zizanioides for BOD, Nitrate and Phosphate was 12-15, 30-44 and 29-42 % more than the untreated plants.
|
|
Indoor and Outdoor Carbon Concentration of Fine Aerosol in a Mega City- Mumbai(Indian Journal of Air Pollution Control)
(, XIV ,1,5-15,Year : 2014)
|
The present study monitored indoor and outdoor fine particles, PM$_(2.5), in four sites categorized as control (C), kerb (K), residential (R) and industrial (I) within Mumbai, India during summer, post-monsoon and winter seasons during year 2007-2008. The average outdoor PM$_(2.5) mass concentrations at C, K, R and I site were 77.6±18.19, 96.3±35.47, 88.9±39.12, 96.8±24.53 microgram/m$^3 and indoors was 93.7±4.99, 99.1± 47.4, 69.8±27.02, 76.6±28.05 microgram/m$^3 respectively. The Indoor/Outdoor (I/O) ratio for PM2.5 was 1.24±0.23, 1.01±0.12, 0.8±0.07 and 0.78±0.18 at the respective sites. Elemental Carbon (EC) and Organic Carbon (OC) values in fine aerosol have been estimated for indoor and outdoor air using thermal optical reflectance method. The average annual OC contributions at C, K, R and I sites outdoors were 25.15%, 33.07%, 36.86%, 30.04% respectively and indoors were 32.45%, 28.55%, 35.12%, 25.19% respectively. On the other hand, for the same sites outdoor EC contributions were 6.66%, 11.11%, 8.73%, 7.86% and indoor were 9.99%, 13.23%, 9.46% and 4.72% respectively. The I/O ratio for OC was 1.66±0.6, 0.96±0.2, 0.79±015, 0.78±0.41 whereas for EC was 1.73±0.66, 1.21±0.29, 0.73±0.39, 0.48±0.24 respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients were estimated to understand the correlation among indoor and outdoor pollutant. At kerbsite all the pollutants were highly correlated, whereas at the rest of the sites a mixed correlation was observed depending upon the site. This study indicated that vehicular emission source which operates close to the ground level has more impacts on household close to the traffic which may affect health exposures. The industrial indoor site was cleanest among all the four sites as it was a high rise apartment with good ventilation. The indoor concentration was higher than outdoor concentration although site selected was supposed to be a control area in Mumbai city. Findings in this study were also compared with other international studies.
|
|
Chemometrics data analysis of marine water quality in Maharashtra, west coast of India(Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences)
(Abhay singh Salunkhe, Nanda Rohra ,Vol 421,,97-105,Year : 2013)
|
Multivariate statistical techniques, including cluster analysis, principal component analysis factor analysis and discriminant analysis, have been used to evaluate spatial variations and to interpret a large and complex water quality data set collected from the Godavari river basin. The data sets, containing 7 parameters, were generated during the 3-years (2007-2009) at 78 different sites along the river and its tributaries. Water quality indices based on four parameters (pH, DO, BOD and FC) calculated for all the sites were found to be medium to good, good to excellent and bad using modified NSF index. Three significant groups (cleaner, slightly and moderately polluted sites) were detected by CA method, and three latent factors were identified by PCA method. The results of DA revealed that only two parameters (i.e. pH and BOD) were necessary for analysis in spatial variation. 83.3% of the original sites were correctly.classified using discriminant function developed from the analysis.
|
|
Water quality analysis of Godavari river basin using multivariate analysis techniques(Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering)
( Abhay singh Salunkhe, Nanda Rohra,551,,65-80,Year : 2013)
|
Multivariate statistical techniques, including cluster analysis, principal component analysis factor analysis and discriminant analysis, have been used to evaluate spatial variations and to interpret a large and complex water quality data set collected from the Godavari river basin. The data sets, containing 7 parameters, were generated during the 3-years (2007-2009) at 78 different sites along the river and its tributaries. Water quality indices based on four parameters (pH, DO, BOD and FC) calculated for all the sites were found to be medium to good, good to excellent and bad using modified NSF index. Three significant groups (cleaner, slightly and moderately polluted sites) were detected by CA method, and three latent factors were identified by PCA method. The results of DA revealed that only two parameters (i.e. pH and BOD) were necessary for analysis in spatial variation. 83.3% of the original sites were correctly.classified using discriminant function developed from the analysis.
|
|
Measurement and Chemical Speciation of PM10 in Mumbai City(J Environ. Science & Engg)
(Abhay singh Salunkhe, Sugandha Shetye,55,4,441-455,Year : 2013)
|
Mass concentrations of PM10 were high at all locations of Mumbai city in all seasons. From the enrichment analysis, it was observed that high enrichment of metals existed at all sites, the reason for which could be the effects of meteorology and trans-boundary movement of pollutants. Multivariate statistical analysis tools were used to identify common sources, viz. road dust, biomass burning, secondary aerosol, brake wear, residual oil combustion, smelting, natural soil, vehicles tyre wear, and marine aerosol. Findings indicate that most of the sites were dominated by local sources based on activities in the vicinity of the sampling locations.
|
|
Effect of fipronil on dehydrogenase activity in diverse soil types.(Pesticide Research Journal )
(Prem Dureja,23 1,,41-44,Year : 2011)
|
The effect exerted by fipronil, a phenylpyrazole insecticide on dehydrogenase activity of three diverse soils was assessed at recommended doses of fipronil (50 and 75 g a.i. per hectare). The soils used were Inceptisol, Mollisol, and Aridisol with different physico-chemical properties as each soil type is expected to respond differently to the addition of any foreign, potentially toxic compound. There was an initial adverse effect on the dehydrogenase activity. Different soils exhibited different rates of recovery of the activity in a period of 28 days of application with highest recovery rate obtained in Inceptisol (99 and 100%) followed by Mollisol (94 and 97%) and Aridisol (77 and 93%) at higher and lower dose of the pesticide, respectively.
|
|
Wetland Treatment (HSSP) of wastewater from a Milk-Processing Unit using Bambusa vulgaris, Typha latifolia and Cyperus rotundus.(Journal of Environmental Sciences & Engineering)
(Mangesh Inarkar,52 (1),,23-26,Year : 2010)
|
Studies were conducted in soil-less horizontal sub-surface flow wetland (HSSF) embedded with graded gravels using Golden bamboo, Bambusa vulgaris (a non-wetland species), Typha latifolia and Cyperus rotundus (wetland species) for the treatment of wastewater from a milk processing unit. The wastewater was treated with a dilution ratio of 3:1. Removal efficiencies of BOD and COD were studied at one, two and three days hydraulic retention time (HRT). At one day HRT, the removal efficiency (%) of these parameters was lower in comparison to when the wastewater was subjected to two and three days HRT. The increase in removal efficiency with increase in HRT was marginal when it was increased from 2 days to 3 days. The percentage removal of COD and BOD at two days retention time followed the order: Golden bamboo (93, 88) > Cyperus rotundus (91, 90) > Typha latifolia (85, 87).
|
