Combined electro-Fenton and biological processes for the treatment of industrial textile effluent: Mineralization and toxicity analysis (Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste (ASCE))
(P. S. Roshini, R. Gandhimathi, S. T. Ramesh, P. V. Nidheesh,214,,, Year: 2017)
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Abstract: The longer time required for complete mineralization in the electro-Fenton (EF) process can be rectified by combining the EF process with a biological method. This paper analyzes textile wastewater treatment by ntegrating EF and biological processes. The removal of color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC) by the EF process was 63, 48, and 29% respectively. Further treatment of this wastewater by a biological process resulted in removal of 85% of color, 86% of COD, and 56% of TOC. In addition, better mineralization of dyes requires integration of aerobic and microaerophilic conditions. The phytotoxicity and microbial toxicity analysis of the treated wastewater shows that there is a significant reduction of toxicity compared with the raw wastewater. Therefore it is recommended that the combined EF and biological degradation processes be applied in the treatment of textile wastewater for removing color, COD, and TOC effectively.
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Removal of chromium and iron from real textile wastewater by sorption on soils (Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste (ASCE))
(Vandana Sreedharan, K. V. Krithishna, P. V. Nidheesh,214,, 06017002, Year: 2017)
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Abstract: Discharge of textile effluents creates serious environmental problems. This paper investigates the ability of various natural and modified soils to remove heavy metals present in the textile wastewater. Natural soils such as kaolinite, bentonite, and laterite, along with modified soils such as organoclay and biopolymer-amended laterite are considered as the potential adsorbents. Iron and chromium present in the textile wastewater are considered as model pollutants. Batch adsorption studies are carried out to determine the heavy metals sorption capacity of soils. The heavy metals removal efficiency of soils follows the order bentonite > biopolymer amended laterite soil > laterite soil > kaolinite > organoclay. Almost complete removal of heavy metals is observed with bentonite and biopolymer-amended laterite. Therefore soil is determined to be a cost-effective and efficient adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from textile wastes.
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Evaluation, application and aptimization of advanced oxidation process for pretreatment of rice straw and its effect on cellulose digestibility (Renewable Energy)
("Morone , A.;
Sharma, G.;
Sharma, A.;
Chakrabarti, T.;
Pandey, R. A.
"
,120,,88-97, Year: 2017)
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No information is available
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Polyaniline film-based wireless photo reactor for hydrogen generation through exciton mediated proton reduction (Polymer)
(Smita Masid Roy, Nageswara N.Rao, Alexandre Herissan, Christophe Colbeau-Justin,volume 112,,page 57-70, Year: 2017)
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No information is available
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Mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae to enhance the quality of lipid for biodiesel application: effects of scale of cultivation and light spectrum on reduction of alpha- linolenic acid (Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering)
(Gupta, S;
Pawar, SB
,41 (4),,531- 542, Year: 2017)
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No information is available
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Genomic characterization of key bacteriophages to formulate the potential biocontrol agent to combat enteric pathogenic bacteria (Archives of microbiology)
(Parmar, KM;
Dafale, NA;
Tikariha, H;
Purohit, HJ
,200 (4),,611- 622, Year: 2017)
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No information is available
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Application of cell-based assays for toxicity characterization of complex wastewater matrices: Possible applications in wastewater recycle and reuse. (Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. )
(Shrivastava P, Naoghare PK, Gandhi D, Devi SS, Krishnamurthi K, Bafana A, Kashyap SM, Chakrabarti T.,,,, Year: 2017)
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Exposure to pre-concentrated inlet or outlet STP wastewater extracts at different concentrations (0.001% to 1%) induced dose-dependent toxicity in MCF-7 cells, whereas drinking water extracts did not induce cytotoxicity in cells treated. GC-MS analysis revealed the occurrence of xenobiotic compounds (Benzene, Phthalate, etc.) in inlet/outlet wastewater extracts. Cells exposed to inlet/outlet extract showed elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS: inlet: 186.58%, p<0.05, outlet, 147.8%, p<0.01) and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm: inlet, 74.91%, p<0.01; outlet, 86.70%, p<0.05) compared to the control. These concentrations induced DNA damage (Tail length: inlet: 34.4%, p<0.05, outlet, 26.7%, p<0.05) in treated cells compared to the control (Tail length: 7.5%). Cell cycle analysis displayed drastic reduction in the G1 phase in treated cells (inlet, G1:45.0%; outlet, G1:58.3%) compared to the control (G1:67.3%). Treated cells showed 45.18% and 28.0% apoptosis compared to the control (1.2%). Drinking water extracts did not show any significant alterations with respect to ROS, Δψm, DNA damage, cell cycle and apoptosis compared to the control. Genes involved in cell cycle and apoptosis were found to be differentially expressed in cells exposed to inlet/outlet extracts. Herein, we propose cell-based toxicity assays to evaluate the efficacies of wastewater treatment and recycling processes.
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Elevated levels of urinary 17-ketosteroids in central Indian children residing near sewage treatment plant and solid waste disposal plant: A preliminary study, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment (Human and Ecological Risk Assessment)
(Preeti Shrivastava, Priyanka A. Mulay, Pravin K. Naoghare, Preeti Meshram, Mohammad Farooqui, Amit Bafana, Patrizio Arrigo, G. S. Kanade, Saravanadevi Sivanesan, Kannan Krishnamurthi & Tapan Chakrabarti,23 (2),, 241-256, Year: 2017)
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Urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroid (17-KS) was assessed in male pre-pubertal subjects aged (8–11 years; n = 90). Children living near sewage treatment plant and solid waste disposal plant (Group P) showed significantly higher levels of urinary 17-KS (Group P: 3.27 ± 1.63 µg/mL/CRE; p < 0.01) than children living in cleaner area (0.50 ± 0.53 µg/mL/CRE; Group C). Occurrence of urinary dibutyl phthalate in representative subjects of Group P (odds ratio: 9; p < 0.05; 95% of Confidence interval (CI) 1.93–72.99) was higher compared to Group C. Urinary concentrations of Cd (0.85 µg/g CRE ± 0.11), Mn (24.25 µg/g CRE ± 6.11) and Pb (12.39 µg/g CRE ± 2.86) in Group P were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those found in Group C (Cd (0.28 µg/g CRE ± 0.03), Mn (13.33 µg/g CRE ± 3.20) and Pb (5.67 µg/g CRE ± 0.53)). Analyses of ambient air samples (PM10) in polluted area revealed major occurrence of phthalates, whereas derivatives of trifluoromethyl, dione, etc. were identified in PM2.5 fraction. Metal (Cd, Co, Mn and Pb) concentrations in ambient air (24 h, PM10) were higher in polluted area compared to cleaner area. We conclude that elevated levels of urinary 17-KS in Group P could be attributed to higher exposure of these subjects to Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) compared to Group C.
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Heavy metal (Pb) accumulation in metallophytes as influenced by the variations in rhizospheric and non- rhizospheric soils physico-chemical characteristics (International Journal of Phytoremediation)
(Adejumo, SA;
Tiwari, S;
Shinde, V;
Sarangi, BK
,20 (3),,237- 248, Year: 2017)
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No information is available
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Integration of biomarker approach in pollution monitoring program of aquatic ecosystem (Book Chapter in Biosynthetic technologies and Environmental Challenges)
(Kanchan Kumari
,,,, Year: 2017)
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Water bodies are subjected to a considerable pressure from sewage and industrial wastes. Monitoring methods adopted so far have helped in the assessment level of contaminants in water but not the interaction of these pollutants with living organisms. Water quality testing programmes use two traditional methods for water quality assessment that includes physico-chemical parameters and bio-monitoring. Looking at the limitations of these two traditional methods, a new method known as ‘biomarkers of pollution’ should be adopted. Evaluating various biomarkers in sentinel species can be of great help in environmental monitoring programme as they forecast various risks and hazards associated with the habitats of aquatic animals. Several countries have adopted Biomarkers in their environmental monitoring programmes; however, to make it a routine and well-recognized tool in the water quality monitoring programme, efforts are still required from scientific communities. The major advantage of Biomarkers is that bioavailability or potential exposure to toxicants can be demonstrated which is not possible in chemical analysis. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are chemical substances that do not degrade easily and persist in the environment and detecting some classes of POPs, for example organochlorine compounds, are very difficult as the limits of detection are very low. With the advancement of analytical methods, these chemicals can be now detected in every environmental matrices but changes caused physiologically in living organisms remains unknown. This limitation can be overcome with the help of biomarkers which can detect whether organisms are exposed meaningfully and the physiology is altered in comparison to normal. Whenever any pollutants enter the biological system, it brings molecular changes and the response time of molecular changes are faster than it appears at community level. This leads the scientific communities to start some research work in this area in order to develop some early warning signal or biomarkers. Measurement of molecular changes at the level of body fluids, cells or tissues reflecting an alteration in normal functioning/magnitude due to the presence of toxicants forms the basis of selection of particular parameter as a biomarker. This chapter presents the importance of various core biomarkers used as diagnostic and prognostic tools to monitor the water quality assessing the risks associated with the health of aquatic biota. This is high time to focus on the biological responses which are more relevant to predict the health status of any aquatic ecosystem before occurrence of any catastrophic events which are unmanageable.
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Emission from Open Burning of Municipal Solid Waste in India (Environment Technology)
(Kanchan Kumari, Sunil Kumar, V. Rajagopal, Ankur Khare & Rakesh Kumari,27:,,1-14, Year: 2017)
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Open burning of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is a potential non-point source of emission, which causes greater concern especially in developing countries such as India. Lack of awareness about environmental impact of open burning, and ignorance of the fact, i.e. 'Open burning is a source of emission of carcinogenic substances' are major hindrances towards an appropriate municipal solid waste management system in India. The paper highlights the open burning of MSW practices in India, and the current and projected emission of 10 major pollutants (dioxin, furans, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and 1-hexene) emitted due to the open burning of MSW. Waste to Energy potential of MSW was also estimated adopting effective biological and thermal techniques. Statistical techniques were applied to analyse the data and current and projected emission of various pollutants were estimated. Data pertaining to population, MSW generation and its collection efficiency were compiled for 29 States and 7 Union Territories. Thereafter, emission of 10 pollutants was measured following methodology prescribed in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change guideline for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, 2006. The study revealed that people living in Metropolitan cities are more affected by emissions from open burning.
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Computational Image based Approach to Study the Impact of Industrial Effluent on Groundwater and River Quality in Ballarpur, Maharashtra State, India (International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887))
(Rakhi Nikhade, Abhay Fulke, Shrikant Vyawhare,Volume 87,No.2,,, Year: 2017)
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The water quality is one of the most important criteria to ascertain its suitability for human beings and irrigation. This paper presents the effects of treated industrial waste water effluent on ground water as well as on surface water. The samples were collected from discharge point of treated industrial effluent in the river, upstream and downstream point of river and analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics such as pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Total alkalinity (TA), Total acidity, Total hardness (TH), Chemical oxygen Demand (COD), Total Hardness, Chloride (Cl-), Sulfate (SO4 ) and Sodium (Na). For the analysis of effect of effluent on ground water quality, the tube well water at various distance from Wardha River were also collected. The obtained results were compared with WHO (World Health Organization) and BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards) limits. The results show that there is an infiltration of contaminants into the tube wells nearest to the point of discharge.
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Fluoride-Induced Oxidative and Inflammatory Stress in Osteosarcoma Cells: Does It Affect Bone Development Pathway
(Deepa Gandhi, Pravin K. Naoghare, Amit Bafana, Krishnamurthi Kannan & Saravanadevi Sivanesan,,,103-111, Year: 2017)
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No information is available
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Global DNA methylation profiling of manganese-exposed human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells reveals epigenetic alterations in Parkinson's disease-associated genes (Arch Toxicol)
(Prashant Tarale. Saravandevi Sivanesan, Atul P. Daiwile, Reinhard Stoger, Amit Bafana, Pravin K. Naoghare, Devendra Parmar, Tapan Chakrabarti, Krishnamurthi K.,91(7),,2629-2641, Year: 2017)
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Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element required for optimal functioning of cellular biochemical pathways in the central nervous system. Elevated exposure to Mn through environmental and occupational exposure can cause neurotoxic effects resulting in manganism, a condition with clinical symptoms identical to idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Epigenetics is now recognized as a biological mechanism involved in the etiology of various diseases. Here, we investigated the role of DNA methylation alterations induced by chronic Mn (100 µM) exposure in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells in relevance to Parkinson's disease. A combined analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression data for Parkinson's disease-associated genes was carried out. Whole-genome bisulfite conversion and sequencing indicate epigenetic perturbation of key genes involved in biological processes associated with neuronal cell health. Integration of DNA methylation data with gene expression reveals epigenetic alterations to PINK1, PARK2 and TH genes that play critical roles in the onset of Parkinsonism. The present study suggests that Mn-induced alteration of DNA methylation of PINK1-PARK2 may influence mitochondrial function and promote Parkinsonism. Our findings provide a basis to further explore and validate the epigenetic basis of Mn-induced neurotoxicity.
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Managing future air quality in megacities : A case study for Delhi (Atomspheric Environment)
(Amann, M., Purohit, P., Bhanarkar, A.D., Bertok , I., Borken - Kleefeld, J., Cofala, J., Majumdar , D., Nguyen, B., Rafaj, R., Schopp, W., Srivastava, A.,Vardhan, B.H.,161,,99-111, Year: 2017)
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"Urbanization, population and economic growth in Indian megacities like Delhi have resulted in an increase in energy and transportation demand leading to severe air pollution and related health impacts, as well as to the rapid growth in the greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, an integrated assessment of air quality and climate policies for Indian cities –with a particular focuson National Capital Territory of Delhi,has been carried out.We have developed emission inventory of air pollutants and greenhouse gases for the base year (2010) and evaluated the impact ofcurrent policieson emission projections by 2030 in the business-as-usual scenario. Emissions of coarse and neparticulate matter areprojected to be 51% and 15% higher in 2030 as compared to present. As the current legislations do not indicate progress towards the achievement of the Indian National Ambient Air Quality Standards in Delhi, we explored the efectiveness of additional emission control strategies with either advanced end-of-pipe emission controls or low carbon policies. Relative to the baseline scenario, the set of alternative policy strategies would reduce emissions rapidly in 2030.The results revealed that air quality policies under various scenarios could also have co-benefits of reducing carbon emissions. At the same time, the results suggest that low carbon policies would be more eficient to cut emissions as compared to advanced end-of-pipe emission control policies. However, their implementation could be limited by the availability of clean fuels. In the climate policy scenario, carbon emission in 2030 is estimated to decrease by 19% relative to baseline. Additional controls combined with low carbon policies like controlling non-industrial emissions create an opportunity to further enhance the scope for co-bene?ts and to attain the air quality standards in Delhi. "
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Synthesis, Spectral Properties and DFT Calculations of new Ruthenium (II) polypyridyl Complexes; DNA Binding Affinity and in Vitro Cytotoxicity Activity (Journal of Fluorescence)
(Mallepally, R.R., Chintakuntla, N., Putta, V.R., K, N., Vuradi, R.K., P,M., S, S.S., Chitumalla, R.K., Jang J.,Penumaka, N., Sirasani, S. ,27 (4),,1513-1530, Year: 2017)
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In this paper a novel ligand debip (2–(4–N,N–diethylbenzenamine)1H–imidazo[4,5–f] [1, 10]phenanthroline) and its Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(L)2(debip)]2+, (L = phen (1), bpy (2) and dmb (3)) have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The DNA binding studies for all these complexes were examined by absorption, emission, quenching studies, viscosity measurements and cyclic voltammetry. The light switching properties of complexes 1–3 have been evaluated. Molecular docking, Density Functional Theory (DFT) and time dependent DFT calculations were performed. The Ru(II) complexes exhibited efficient photocleavage activity against pBR322 DNA upon irradiation and exhibited good antimicrobial activity. Also investigated 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) against selected cancer cell lines (HeLa, PC3, Lancap, MCF-7 and MD-MBA 231).
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons over a tropical urbon and a high altitude Himalayan Station in India Temporal variation and source apportionment (Atomospheric Reserch)
(Ray, D; Chatterjee,A; Majumdar,D; Ghosh,S.K; Raha.S,197,,331-341, Year: 2017)
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The temporal variations and major sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) intrinsic to PM10 were investigated over a tropical urban atmosphere on the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and for the ?rst time over a high altitude urban atmosphere at eastern Himalaya in India. Samples were collected over Kolkata, a megacity and Darjeeling, a high altitude (2200 m asl) hill station in eastern India during the dry season (October 2015–May 2016). Fourteen PAHs were detected and quanti?ed over Kolkata and Darjeeling during three consecutive seasons, viz., post-monsoon, winter and pre-monsoon. The total-PAHs concentrations were in the order of winter (78.08–146.71 ngm?3) > post-monsoon (83.42–113.52 ngm?3) > pre-monsoon (37.65–109.27 ngm?3) at Kolkata, whereas post-monsoon (22.72–36.60 ngm?3) > winter (8.52–28.43 ngm?3) > pre-monsoon (5.45–13.34 ngm?3) at Darjeeling. The observed seasonality of PAHs at Kolkata vis-a-vis Darjeeling has been explored in the light of anthropogenic activities, boundary layer dynamics and meteorological parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and solar radiation. Negative correlation was observed between total-PAHs and temperature, wind speed and solar radiation over Kolkata and Darjeeling. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model calculations suggested that coal (26%), petrol (24%) and diesel (17%) combustion, commercial and household kitchens (18%) and municipal solid waste incineration (15%) are the possible contributors to the PM10 associated PAHs over Kolkata whereas diesel (37%), commercial and household kitchens (23%), coal (21%) and petrol (20%) are the possible PM10 associated PAH sources over Darjeeling.
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Analyric Techniques used to Detect DNA Binding Modes of Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Extended Phenthroline Ring (Journal of Fluorescence)
(Devi, C.S; Thulasirm, B; Satyanarayana, S; Nagababu,P.
,,,2119-2130, Year: 2017)
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This review describes the analytical techniques used to detect DNA-probes such as Ru(II) complexes with hetero cyclic imidazo phenanthroline (IP) ligands. Studies on drug-DNA interactions are useful biochemical techniques for visualization of DNA both in vitro and in vivo. The interactions of small molecules that binds to DNA are mainly classified into two major classes, one involving covalent binding and another non-covalent binding. Covalent binding in DNA can be irreversible and may leads to inhibition of all DNA processes which subsequently leads to cell death. Usually, covalent interactions leads to permanent changes in the structure of nucleic acids. The non-covalent interaction of molecules with DNA can be due to electrostatic interaction, intercalation and groove binding. These interactions of DNA probes can be explored by various spectroscopic techniques viz. UV-visible, emission, emission quenching spectroscopy, viscosity and thermal denaturation measurements.
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How the Atmosphere over Eastern Himalaya, India is Polluted with Carbonyl Compounds? Temporal Variability and Identification of Sources (Aerosol and Air Quality Research)
(,,,, Year: 2017)
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A study was conducted on atmospheric carbonyl compounds for the first time over a Himalayan atmosphere in India. Samples were collected from a high altitude hill station, Darjeeling (27.01°N, 88.15°E, 2200 masl) during June 2012 to May 2013. Temporal variation, meteorological influence, source apportionment and ozone formation potential etc were studied for acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, acetone, butanaldehyde, propanaldehyde, benzaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, valeraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, hexanaldehyde, p-tolualdehyde and o-tolualdehyde. High concentration of Acetone (81.6 ± 63.5 μg m–3) was observed which could be due to the higher photochemical production from its precursor volatile organic compounds emitted from tea plants and tea processing units. The concentration of acetaldehyde (20.7 ± 47.6 μg m–3) and formaldehyde (11.6 ± 16.3 μg m–3) were found to be comparable with metro cities of India and world. The average annual concentration of total carbonyl compounds was 174.2 ± 184.6 μg m–3 with maximum during postmonsoon (456.9 ± 199.5 μg m–3) and minimum during winter season (72.2 ± 42.9 μg m–3). Meteorological parameters like temperature and surface reaching solar radiative flux played the major roles for the seasonal variation of the carbonyl concentration over the hill station. The average ratio of formaldehyde to acetaldehyde over Darjeeling was found to be 1.64 ± 1.43 well representing a typical urban atmosphere at this part of Himalaya. Positive matrix factorization model showed that the biogenic emissions from tea plants and vehicular emissions were the major sources of carbonyl compounds over the hill station.
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The genetic influence in fluorosis (Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology)
(Sreemanta Pramanik, Depanwita Saha (Corresponding Author),56,,157-162 , Year: 2017)
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Fluorosis, caused by ingestion of excess fluoride, is endemic in at least 25 countries across the globe, China and India being the worst affected among them. Dental, skeletal and non-skeletal are the major types of fluorosis affecting millions of people in these countries. A number of genetic epidemiological studies carried out by investigators have shown the evidence for association between genetic polymorphisms in candidate genes and differences in the susceptibility pattern of different types of fluorosis among individuals living in the same community and having the same environmental exposure. These studies have pointed out that genetic variants in some candidate genes like COL1A2 (Collagen type 1 alpha 2), CTR (Calcitonin receptor gene), ESR (Estrogen receptor), COMT (Catechol-o-methyltransferase), GSTP1 (Glutathione S-transferase pi 1), MMP-2 (Matrix metallopeptidase 2), PRL (Prolactin), VDR (Vitamin D receptor) and MPO (Myeloperoxidase) could increase or decrease the risk of fluorosis among the exposed individuals in endemic areas. So, it is increasingly becoming evident that an individual's genetic background could play a major role in influencing the risk to fluorosis when other factors like specific environmental exposures including dietary patterns of fluoride intake and other nutrients remain the same. The current manuscript presents an up-to-date critical review on fluorosis, focusing mainly on the genetic association studies that have looked at the possible involvement of genetic factors in fluorosis.
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