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Genomic Tools for the Impact Assessment of 'Hotspots' for Early Warning of MDR Threats.(Biomedical and Environmental Science)
(Nishant Dafale, Hemat Purohit ,29(8),,143-147,Year : 2016)
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No information is available
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Analyric Techniques used to Detect DNA Binding Modes of RutheniumII Complexes with Extended Phenthroline Ring (Journal of Fluorescence)
(Devi, C.S; Thulasirm, B; Satyanarayana, S; Nagababu,P.
,,,2119-2130,Year : 2017)
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This review describes the analytical techniques used to detect DNA-probes such as Ru(II) complexes with hetero cyclic imidazo phenanthroline (IP) ligands. Studies on drug-DNA interactions are useful biochemical techniques for visualization of DNA both in vitro and in vivo. The interactions of small molecules that binds to DNA are mainly classified into two major classes, one involving covalent binding and another non-covalent binding. Covalent binding in DNA can be irreversible and may leads to inhibition of all DNA processes which subsequently leads to cell death. Usually, covalent interactions leads to permanent changes in the structure of nucleic acids. The non-covalent interaction of molecules with DNA can be due to electrostatic interaction, intercalation and groove binding. These interactions of DNA probes can be explored by various spectroscopic techniques viz. UV-visible, emission, emission quenching spectroscopy, viscosity and thermal denaturation measurements.
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Arsenic removal by electrocoagulation process: Recent trends and removal mechanism(Chemosphere)
(P. V. Nidheesh, T. S. Anantha Singh,181,,418-432.,Year : 2017)
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Arsenic contamination in drinking water is a major issue in the present world. Arsenicosis is the disease caused by the regular consumption of arsenic contaminated water, even at a lesser contaminated level. The number of arsenicosis patients is increasing day-by-day. Decontamination of arsenic from the water medium is the only one way to regulate this and the arsenic removal can be ful?lled by water treatment methods based on separation techniques. Electrocoagulation (EC) process is a promising technology for the effective removal of arsenic from aqueous solution. The present review article analyzes the performance of the EC process for arsenic removal. Electrocoagulation using various sacricial metal anodes such as aluminium, iron, magnesium, etc. is found to be very effective for arsenic decontamination. The performances of each anode are described in detail. A special focus has been made on the mechanism behind the arsenite and arsenate removal by EC process. Main trends in the disposal methods of sludge containing arsenic are also included. Comparison of arsenic decontamination ef?ciencies of chemical coagulation and EC is also reported.
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Application of cell-based assays for toxicity characterization of complex wastewater matrices: Possible applications in wastewater recycle and reuse. (Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. )
(Shrivastava P, Naoghare PK, Gandhi D, Devi SS, Krishnamurthi K, Bafana A, Kashyap SM, Chakrabarti T.,,,,Year : 2017)
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Exposure to pre-concentrated inlet or outlet STP wastewater extracts at different concentrations (0.001% to 1%) induced dose-dependent toxicity in MCF-7 cells, whereas drinking water extracts did not induce cytotoxicity in cells treated. GC-MS analysis revealed the occurrence of xenobiotic compounds (Benzene, Phthalate, etc.) in inlet/outlet wastewater extracts. Cells exposed to inlet/outlet extract showed elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS: inlet: 186.58%, p<0.05, outlet, 147.8%, p<0.01) and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm: inlet, 74.91%, p<0.01; outlet, 86.70%, p<0.05) compared to the control. These concentrations induced DNA damage (Tail length: inlet: 34.4%, p<0.05, outlet, 26.7%, p<0.05) in treated cells compared to the control (Tail length: 7.5%). Cell cycle analysis displayed drastic reduction in the G1 phase in treated cells (inlet, G1:45.0%; outlet, G1:58.3%) compared to the control (G1:67.3%). Treated cells showed 45.18% and 28.0% apoptosis compared to the control (1.2%). Drinking water extracts did not show any significant alterations with respect to ROS, Δψm, DNA damage, cell cycle and apoptosis compared to the control. Genes involved in cell cycle and apoptosis were found to be differentially expressed in cells exposed to inlet/outlet extracts. Herein, we propose cell-based toxicity assays to evaluate the efficacies of wastewater treatment and recycling processes.
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Kinetic evaluation of chromium VI sorption by water lettuce Pistia. (Water Science and Technology)
(Chakraborty, R., Karmakar, S., Mukherjee, S.N.,&Kumar, S. ,69,,195-201,Year : 2014)
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An investigation was performed to evaluate the uptake capacity of Pistia in living condition for adsorptive removal of chromium(VI) from spiked solution for examining a remedial measure for disposal of chrome-laden wastewater in an urban wetland system. Kinetics results show about 78% removal was achieved for 3 mg/L initial concentration of Cr(VI). Experimental data showed that the root portion absorbed more Cr(VI) (28.54 g/g) compared to accumulation in leaf (5.73 g/g). It was also noted that the plant could effectively remove Cr(VI) from the solution with minor damage up to an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 3 mg/L, for which the adsorption isotherm studies were conducted. The maximum uptake capacity of the plant was recorded as 0.05 mg/g of Cr(VI) at the equilibrium level after a contact period of 7 days for an initial concentration of 8 mg /L, although severe physiological damage occurred. The experimental results were plotted in Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and both were found to be well fitted (r2 0.979 and r2 ? 0.974 respectively). The high value of n (2.16) reveals a strong bond between the plant root and dissolved Cr(VI), which favours the adsorption process. The order of the reaction was also examined on the basis of uptake capacity and it was found that the second order model fitted best.
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Arsenic retention in cooked rice: Effects of rice type, cooking water, and indigenous cooking methods in West Bengal, India(Journal of Science of the Total Environment)
(Mandal U., Singh P., Kundu AK., Chatterjee D., Nriagu J., Bhowmick S.,40266,,,Year : 2018)
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This study evaluated the concentration of arsenic in paired raw and cooked rice prepared by individual households in arsenic-endemic rural area of West Bengal. The aim was to investigate how the cooking habits of rural villagers of West Bengal might influence the arsenic content of rice meals. It was found that the use of arsenicrich groundwater for cooking could elevate the arsenic concentration in cooked rice (up to 129% above the raw sample), thereby enhancing the vulnerability of the rural population of West Bengal to arsenic exposure through rice consumption. The risk is heightened by the habit of drinking the stewed rice water (gruel) in the local communities. The cooking method employed, rice variety, background arsenic concentration in raw rice and cooking water arsenic concentration were found to be important predisposing factors that could affect the accumulation of arsenic in cooked form. The fundamental indigenous cooking practice followed by the villagers requires use of low-arsenic water for cooking as a necessary strategy to alleviate arsenic exposure in their staple food.
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Noise pollution in Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR): An emerging environmental threat(Environmental Monitoring and Assessment)
(Komal Kalawapudi, Taruna Singh, Jaydip Dey, Ritesh Vijay & Rakesh Kumar,Vol. 192, Article,,152,Year : 2020)
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Noise pollution in urban areas is an emerging environmental threat which local agencies and state authorities must consider in planning and development. Excessive noise is becoming a significant problem adversely affecting the physiological and psychological health of the citizens. Present study was carried out to assess and quantitatively evaluate ambient noise levels in Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) consisting of 9 cities namely Bhiwandi-Nizampur, Kalyan-Dombivli, Mira-Bhayandar, Mumbai, Navi Mumbai, Panvel, Thane, Ulhasnagar and Vasai-Virar. The noise environment was assessed on the basis of equivalent continuous sound pressure levels (Leq), day-night noise levels (LDN) and noise limit exceedance factor (NEF) during day and night time of working and non-working days in four different area categories, viz. industrial, commercial, residential and silence zones. Present study shows that silence zones have been the worst affected areas where noise pollution levels and NEF indicate excessive violation of permissible noise limits due to unplanned, congested and unruly spaces for developmental and commercial activities, followed closely by residential and commercial zones. Cities with separate industrial and commercial zones showed less noisy surroundings in comparison with those cities where land use pattern of industrial and commercial zones is around or overlapping each other. It can thus be concluded that appropriate demarcation and planned use of city space is important to avoid exposure to rising noise pollution levels. Based on the noise pollution in (MMR), various control measures are suggested including awareness campaign and strict compliance of the rules and regulations.
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Biosorption of safranin onto chemically modified biomass of marine Aspergilluswentii: A kinetic study(Environmental Engineering and Management Journal)
(Y. Khambhaty, K. ModyShaikBashaand B. Jha,152,,1-13,Year : 2016)
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No information is available
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GIS based DRASTIC approach for groundwater vulnerability in Puri city, India(Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering)
(Ritesh Vijay, S. S. Ramya and P. K. Mohapatra Journal ,,,,Year : 2015)
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Groundwater pollution is mainly caused due to the domestic and industrial activities which pollute the shallow aquifers. Puri city is such an important and pilgrim place where groundwater is getting contaminated by various anthropogenic activities. The vulnerability assessment of groundwater is mainly carried out to define the areas critical for the groundwater contamination. For this, GIS based DRASTIC model was used to assess the groundwater vulnerability considering groundwater level, hydro-geological parameters, land use pattern and topographic condition. It was found that most of the city area is highly vulnerable to groundwater contamination due to sandy aquifer property. The output of DRASTIC model helps in suggesting measures for protecting the groundwater from further contamination and management.
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Tidal and seasonal variations in water quality of Thane creek, Mumbai, India: a statistical analysis(Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences)
(Ritesh Vijay, Puja Khobragade, S. S. Dhage, Ankit Gupta and S. R. Wate,44,6,,Year : 2015)
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Water quality of Thane creek was assessed spatially and temporally based on receiving waterbody standards and nutrient parameters. Due to large data set and variation in water quality, statistical analysis was carried out to summarize a data set quantitatively using Box and Whiskers plots. These plots helped to display data spread at a glance, reveal data symmetry and skewness as well as the presence of outliers. Further, Spearman’s correlation matrices were generated to establish the relationship between physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters and found to have significant correlation between them. The study reveals that the Thane creek is polluted based on receiving waterbody standards in all the seasons even during low and high tides. The creek water is more polluted in the upper stretch as compared to middle and lower stretches. Immediate attention is required for the
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Superiority of Re-circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor Over Existing Reactor Arrangements for Chemical Looping Combustion?A Review(Water Science and Technology Library)
(Tomar S., Lokachari N., Sharma R.
,80,,77-87,Year : 2018)
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No information is available
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Public Perception regarding Artificial Recharge of Groundwater using Treated Municipal Wastewater(Conservation and Recycling)
(Nijhawan A, Labhasetwar P, Jain P, Rahate M.,,,,Year : 2013)
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No information is available
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NutriL-GIS: A Tool for Assessment of Agricultural Runoff and Nutrient Pollution in a Watershed(National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI). India)
(A Sharma, A Sargaonkar, B Rathi, S Kothe,,,,Year : 2010)
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No information is available
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Implementation of low power battery operated wireless sensor network for measuring mixing height using tethered balloon(Journal of Instrument Society of India)
(G L Bodhe
,Vol.40, No.1,,Year : 2010)
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No information is available
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Exceedance analysis of PM10 concentration in central Indian city: predicting time between two exceedances(Aerosol & Air Quality Research)
(A. B. Chelani
,15(5),,2158-2167,Year : 2015)
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In this study the gap between the two exceedances is analyzed using time series analysis. The time series of PM_(10) (particulate matter of size less than 10 micron) observed during 2005-2013 in two cities; Nagpur and Chandrapur in central India is considered. Higher PM_(10) concentration is observed in Chandrapur as compared to Nagpur. Exponential relationship is observed between the average time between the two exceedances and annual average PM10 concentration. This information along with the PM_(10) concentration prediction model is utilized to predict the average number of observations between the two exceedances for the following year. ?k?-nearest neighbor approach is used for forecasting PM_(10) concentration which enabled estimating the average number of observations between two exceedances using exponential relationship. The approach can be used for estimating the average number of observations between the two exceedances over a year, which can further be utilized to make appropriate decision to control and manage high particulate matter pollution in an area.
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Water quality analysis of Godavari river basin using multivariate analysis techniques(Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering)
( Abhay singh Salunkhe, Nanda Rohra,551,,65-80,Year : 2013)
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Multivariate statistical techniques, including cluster analysis, principal component analysis factor analysis and discriminant analysis, have been used to evaluate spatial variations and to interpret a large and complex water quality data set collected from the Godavari river basin. The data sets, containing 7 parameters, were generated during the 3-years (2007-2009) at 78 different sites along the river and its tributaries. Water quality indices based on four parameters (pH, DO, BOD and FC) calculated for all the sites were found to be medium to good, good to excellent and bad using modified NSF index. Three significant groups (cleaner, slightly and moderately polluted sites) were detected by CA method, and three latent factors were identified by PCA method. The results of DA revealed that only two parameters (i.e. pH and BOD) were necessary for analysis in spatial variation. 83.3% of the original sites were correctly.classified using discriminant function developed from the analysis.
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Development of Particulate Matter Speciation Profiles for Major Sources in Six Cities in India(Atmospheric Research)
(Rashmi S. Patil, Ratish Menon, Munna Kumar Shah and Virendra Sethi,Vol. 132-133,,1-11,Year : 2013)
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A nationwide study was carried out to develop air pollution source profiles specific to India. Chemical speciation profiles are reported for 27 major non-vehicular sources of particulate matter (combustion and non-combustion) in six cities in India viz. Bengaluru, Chennai, Delhi, Kanpur, Mumbai and Pune. PM10 and PM2.5 samples were collected from these sources using three different modes of sampling viz. dilution, resuspension and source dominated sampling, depending on the nature of the source. Filter samples were analyzed for mass by gravimetric analysis, elements by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES), water soluble ions by ion chromatography and elemental (EC) and organic carbon (OC) by thermal/optical reflectance. Reported profiles include 39 elements, 12 ions, EC and OC. Developed profiles are compared with similar profiles that have been reported previously.
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Why and how aerobic-mesophilic composting is effective? A comprehensive study on aerobic and anaerobic composting of green waste under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions(International Journal of recent trends in Science and Technology)
(D. Anand, V.Veerakumar, JagdishGabhane, SPM. Prince William, PriyaBhilawe, A.N.Vaidya, M.P.Patil, J.K.Bhattacharyya and S.R.Wate,5,1,,Year : 2012)
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No information is available
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Photodegradation of famotidine by integrated photocatalytic adsorbent (IPCA) and kinetic study,(Catalysis Letters)
(David Keane, Kieran Nolan, Anne Morrissey, Michael Oelgemoller , John Tobin
,300-308,,,Year : 2011)
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Integrated photocatalytic adsorbents (IPCAs) comprised of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) and activated carbon (AC) were prepared using an ultrasonic impregnation technique. The IPCAs were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and were employed as catalysts for the photodegradation of famotidine-an active pharmaceutical ingredient-in aqueous solutions using illumination from a 125 W medium pressure mercury lamp. The degradation kinetics were found to follow a pseudo-first-order rate law and varying TiO2 loadings induced different increases in the apparent first-order rate constant of the process. The kinetic behaviour can be described in terms of a modified Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH) model. The IPCA prepared using a 10% TiO2 to AC loading exhibited the highest rate constant with a K C and k r of 0.0172 L/mg and 0.237 mg/L/min, respectively. The LH model fits the experimental data and elucidates the effect of the TiO2 content of the IPCA on the degradation rate. The use of calcination (heat treatment) in IPCA preparation and its effect on photocatalytic and adsorption performance were also investigated. The present work demonstrates that the combination of TiO2 and AC results in a promising material for application in the degradation of organic pollutants.
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Trace metals and ions in particulates emitted by biodiesel fuelled engine(Fuel)
(Shukla, Pravesh Chandra, Tarun Gupta and Avinash Kumar Agarwal
,188,,603-609,Year : 2017)
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No information is available
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