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A monograph on the remediation of hazardous phthalates. Journal of Hazardous Material
(Benjamin, S., Pradeep, S., Josh, M.S., Kumar, S., &Masai, E.,298,,58-72,Year : 2015)
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Phthalates or phthalic acid esters are a group of xenobiotic and hazardous compounds blended in plastics to enhance their plasticity and versatility. Enormous quantities of phthalates are produced globally for the production of plastic goods, whose disposal and leaching out into the surroundings cause serious concerns to the environment, biota and human health. Though in silico computational, in vitro mechanistic, pre-clinical animal and clinicalhumanstudies showed endocrine disruption, hepatotoxic, teratogenic and carcinogenic properties, usage of phthalates continues due to their cuteness, attractive chemical properties, low production cost and lack of suitable alternatives. Studies revealed that microbes isolated from phthalate-contaminated environmental niches efficiently bioremediate various phthalates. Based upon this background, this review addresses the enumeration of major phthalates used in industry, routes of environmental contamination, evidences for health hazards, routes for in situ and ex situ microbial degradation, bacterial pathways involved in the degradation, major enzymes involved in the degradation process, half-lives of phthalates in environments, etc. Briefly, this handy module would enable the readers, environmentalists and policy makers to understand the impact of phthalates on the environment and the biota, coupled with the concerted microbial efforts to alleviate the burden of ever increasing load posed by phthalates.
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Synthesis, Spectral Properties and DFT Calculations of new Ruthenium (II) polypyridyl Complexes; DNA Binding Affinity and in Vitro Cytotoxicity Activity(Journal of Fluorescence)
(Mallepally, R.R., Chintakuntla, N., Putta, V.R., K, N., Vuradi, R.K., P,M., S, S.S., Chitumalla, R.K., Jang J.,Penumaka, N., Sirasani, S. ,27 (4),,1513-1530,Year : 2017)
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In this paper a novel ligand debip (2–(4–N,N–diethylbenzenamine)1H–imidazo[4,5–f] [1, 10]phenanthroline) and its Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(L)2(debip)]2+, (L = phen (1), bpy (2) and dmb (3)) have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The DNA binding studies for all these complexes were examined by absorption, emission, quenching studies, viscosity measurements and cyclic voltammetry. The light switching properties of complexes 1–3 have been evaluated. Molecular docking, Density Functional Theory (DFT) and time dependent DFT calculations were performed. The Ru(II) complexes exhibited efficient photocleavage activity against pBR322 DNA upon irradiation and exhibited good antimicrobial activity. Also investigated 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) against selected cancer cell lines (HeLa, PC3, Lancap, MCF-7 and MD-MBA 231).
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Characterization of Traffic Noise and Honking Assessment of an Indian Urban Road(Fluctuation and Noise Letters )
(Ritesh Vijay, T. Chakrabarti and Rajesh Gupta ,17,,31850031,Year : 2018)
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To study the traffic noise on an Indian urban highway, traffic noise levels (Leq, Lpeak, Lmax and Lmin), traffic volume, speed and honking incidents were measured in peak traffic hours in the morning and evening. An attempt has been made to characterize the traffic noise including the impact of honking. Honking of horn was positively correlated with Leq and negatively correlated with traffic speed. In case of traffic volume and road width, no significant correlation was established with Leq. Based on the observed honking and Leq in each time interval, statistical analysis was performed for assessing the impact of honking on traffic noise and its estimation through trend analysis. Further, quantification of honking noise was carried out considering frequency analysis of audio spectrum of traffic noise. Both the analyzes confirm the honking contributed an additional noise of 1–4dB(A) over and above the traffic monitoring noise. The study suggests that honking noise must be included as a factor while monitoring traffic noise in some places where honking is common practice. This study will help in characterizing the traffic noise and the impact of honking for further abatement studies.
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Drinking water quality monitoring and surveillance for safe water supply in Gangtok, India(Environment Monitoring and Assessment)
(G. K. Khadse, M. Kalita, S.N. Pimpalkar, P. K. Labhsetwar,78,,401–414,Year : 2011)
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To ascertain the quality of drinking water being supplied, water quality monitoring and surveillance was conducted in Gangtok city at various treatment stages, service reservoirs, distribution network, public standposts, and households. No significant change in raw water quality was observed on day-to-day basis. Residual chlorine was found in the range of nil to 0.2 mg/l in the sump water/finished water. Throughout the year (i.e., during summer, winter, and monsoon seasons), the total coliform and fecal coliform counts were ranged from nil to 7 CFU/100 ml and nil to 3 CFU/100 ml, respectively, in sump water of Selep and VIP complex water treatment plant; however, at consumer end, those were observed as nil to 210 CFU/100 ml and nil to 90 CFU/100 ml,respectively. These variations in bacterial counts among the different service reservoirs and consumer ends may be attributed to the general management practices for maintenance of service reservoirs and the possibility of enroute contamination. Evaluation of the raw water quality indicates that the water is suitable for drinking after conventional treatment followed by disinfection. The finished water quality meets the level of standards described as per Bureau of Indian Standard specifications (BIS:10500 1991) for potability in terms of its physicochemical characteristics.
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GIS based solid waste management information system for Nagpur city
(Ritesh Vijay, Preeti Jain, Nitu Sharma, J. K. Bhattacharya, A. N. Vaidya and R. A.,55,1,114-119,Year : 2013)
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Solid waste management is one of the major problems of today’s world and needs to be addressed by proper utilization of technologies and design of effective, flexible and structured information system. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to design and develop a GIS based solid waste management information system as a decision making and planning tool for regularities and municipal authorities. The system integrates geospatial features of the city and database of existing solid waste management. GIS based information system facilitates modules of
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Seasonal variability in size-segregated airborne bacterial particles and their characterization atdifferent source-sites(Environmental Science and Pollution Research)
(Agarwal, S.,24(15),,13519-13527,Year : 2017)
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No information is available
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Assessment of impact of ash ponds on groundwater quality: a case study from Koradi in Central India( Journal of Environmental earth science )
(S S Ramya, V U Deshmukh, Vijendra J Khandekar, C Padmakar, L SuriNaidu, Piyush K Mahore, D Panaskar, Paras R Pujari, P K Labhasetwar, V V S G Rao,Volume 69,Issue 7,,p 2437-2450,Year : 2013)
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No information is available
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Microcontroller based temperature controller/programmer for thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetry (Journal of Instrument Society of India)
(P L Muthal ,Vol.40, No.4,,,Year : 2010)
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No information is available
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Complexity in hydro-seismicity of the Koyna?Warna region, India(Natural Hazards)
(D.V. Ramana, J. Pavan Kumar, Asha Chelani, R.K. Chadha, M. Shekar, R.N. Singh,77,S109–S1 ,,Year : 2014)
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Koyna–Warna region in western India is known to be the largest case of the reservoir-triggered seismicity in the world with M6.3 earthquake in 1967. This region continues to be seismically active even after 45 years with occurrences of earthquakes up to M5.0. The porous crustal rocks of Koyna–Warna region respond to changes in the prevailing stress/strain regime. This crustal section is highly fractured and is being fed by rivers and reservoirs. It is also subjected to fluctuating plate boundary forces and significant gravity-induced stresses due to crustal inhomogeneities. These changes induce variations in the water level in bore wells before, during and after an earthquake, and their study can help in understanding the earthquake genesis in the region. The ongoing seismicity thus requires understanding of coupled hydrological and tectonic processes in the region. Water table fluctuations are a reflection of the ongoing hydro-tectonics of the region. The fractal dimension of water levels in the bore wells of the region can be used as measure of the nonlinear characteristics of porous rock, revealing the underlying complexity. In this paper, we present values of correlation dimensions of the water level data in the bore wells using the nonlinear time series methodology. The spatiotemporal changes in the fractal dimensions have also been determined. The results show that hydro-seismically the region behaves as a low-dimensional nonlinear dynamical system
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Atom efficient Friedel–Crafts acylation of toluene with propionic anhydride over solid mesoporous superacid UDCaT-5(Applied Catalysis A: General)
(G. D. Yadav and S. B. Kamble
, 433–434,,265-274,Year : 2012)
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Friedel–Crafts acylation is ubiquitous in industry and is typically carried out by using more than stoichiometric quantities of homogeneous catalysts. This creates pollution. In this work, acylation of toluene was studied in liquid phase with propionic anhydride with a variety of solid superacids to produce 4?-methylpropiophenone (4?-MPP). The solid superacids were modified versions of zirconia, namely, UDCaT-4, UDCaT-5 and UDCaT-6 developed in our laboratory; amongst which UDCaT-5 was the most active, selective and robust catalyst. The effects of various reaction parameters on the rate of reaction and selectivity were investigated to deduce the intrinsic kinetics of the reaction. The reaction is free from any external mass transfer as well as intraparticle diffusion limitations and is intrinsically kinetically controlled. The acylation conditions were: temperature 180 °C, toluene to propionic anhydride molar ratio 5:1, catalyst loading 0.06 g cm?3, speed of agitation 1000 rpm, under autogenous pressure in a stainless steel autoclave reactor. Propionic acid generated in situ also reacts sequentially with toluene to give 4?-MPP. A conversion of 62% of priopionic anyhydride is obtained after 3 h, with 100% mono-acylated product containing 67% 4?-MPP. Water is the only co-product of the overall reaction. A suitable kinetic model was developed. The reactions were carried out without using any solvent in order to make the process cleaner and greener.
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Additives aided composting of green waste: Effects on organic matter degradation, compost maturity, and quality of the finished compost(Bioresource Technology)
(JagdishGabhane, SPM.Prince William, RajnikantBidyadhar, PriyaBhilawe, DuraisamyAnand, Atul N. Vaidya, Satish.R.Wate,114,,382-388,Year : 2012)
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No information is available
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A simple and novel modification of Comet assay for determination of bacteriophage mediated bacterial cell lysis.(Journal of virological methods)
("Khairnar K, Sanmukh S,Chandekar R,PaunikarW ,Volume 203,,, Page 33–38.,Year : 2014)
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The comet assay is the widely used method for in vitro toxicity testing which is also an alternative to the use of animal models for in vivo testing. Since, its inception in 1984 by Ostling and Johansson, it is being modified frequently for a wide range of application. In spite of its wide applicability, unfortunately there is no report of its application in bacteriophages research. In this study, a novel application of comet assay for the detection of bacteriophage mediated bacterial cell lysis was described. The conventional methods in bacteriophage research for studying bacterial lysis by bacteriophages are plaque assay method. It is time consuming, laborious and costly. The lytic activity of bacteriophage devours the bacterial cell which results in the release of bacterial genomic material that gets detected by ethidium bromide staining method by the comet assay protocol. The objective of this study was to compare efficacy of comet assay with different assay used to study phage mediated bacterial lysis. The assay was performed on culture isolates (N=80 studies), modified comet assay appear to have relatively higher sensitivity and specificity than other assay. The results of the study showed that the application of comet assay can be an economical, time saving and less laborious alternative to conventional plaque assay for the detection of bacteriophage mediated bacterial cell lysis.
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Occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in wastewater process streams in Dublin, Ireland(Environmental Monitoring and Assessment)
(Clair Lacey, Anne Morrissey, John Tobin
,,,1049-1062.,Year : 2011)
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The aim of this work is to establish baseline levels of pharmaceuticals in three wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) streams in the greater Dublin region to assess the removal efficiency of the selected WWTPs and to investigate the existence of any seasonal variability. Twenty compounds including several classes of antibiotics, acidic and basic pharmaceuticals, and prescribed medications were selected for investigation using a combination of membrane filtration, solid phase extraction (SPE) cleanup, and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Fourteen of the selected compounds were found in the samples. Increased effluent concentrations, compared to influent concentrations, for a number of compounds (carbamazepine, clotrimazole, propranolol, nimesulide, furosemide, mefenamic acid, diclofenac, metoprolol, and gemfibrozil) were observed. The detected concentrations were generally below toxicity levels and based on current knowledge are unlikely to pose any threat to aquatic species. Mefenamic acid concentrations detected in both Leixlip and Swords effluents may potentially exert ecotoxicological effects with maximum risk quotients (i.e., ratio of predicted exposure concentration to predicted no effect concentration) of 4.04 and 1.33, respectively.
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Structure and Function Predictions of Hypothetical Proteins in Vibrio Phages(CiiT International Journal of Biometrics and Bioinformatics)
( S. G. Sanmukh, W. N. Paunikar, T. K. Ghosh, T. Chakrabarti,,,p 161-175,Year : 2017)
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No information is available
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Dielectric Barrier Discharge based Mercury-free plasma UV-lamp for efficient water disinfection. (Nature Scientific Reports)
(Ram Prakash, Afaque M. Hossain, U.N. Pal and M. Krishnamohan
,,,,Year : 2017)
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No information is available
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Study of Valuable and Hazardous Metals from Capacitors of Personal Computer(NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT TRENDS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (REACT-2015), , LIT, Nagpur. )
(L J,,,,Year : 2016)
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Desktop personal computer (PC) is one of the major contributors of the waste electrical and electronic equipment’s (WEEE) generated worldwide. Composition of a typical desktop PC is complex and consists of hundreds of different materials which may be valuable, precious as well as hazardous in nature. Due to globalization and changing economic scenario, huge amount of E-waste is generated and its management has become a challenging task. The present paper highlights the various metals that can be recovered and recycle from the capacitors obtained from the printed circuit boards (PCB) of Central Processing Unit (CPU). Capacitors contain valuable (Aluminum, iron, copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese, nickel, etc.), hazardous (lead, chromium) and precious (silver) metals. The study of capacitors has been broadly undertaken following various systematic steps, which includes study of different types of capacitors present on the PCBs, its quantification, and characterizations studies. Effect of surface area on metal leaching efficiency was studied. It was observed that the electrolytic capacitors are present in higher quantity followed by solid electrolytic capacitors. Most of the valuable and hazardous metals were found in ceramic, film and solid electrolytic capacitors, also the metal leaching rate enhances by increasing surface area.
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Air Pollution in Stone Crushing Industry and associated Health Effects( Indian Journal of Environmental Health)
(R.Jayabalou, Y.V.Subrahmanyam N.Jothikumar and S.Swarnalatha ,,,,Year : 2017)
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No information is available
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Stress enhances polyunsaturation rich lipid accumulation in Chlorella sp and Chlamydomonas
(,,,,Year : 2016)
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In the present study, effects of various cultivation conditions on biomass and lipid productivity, detail FAME signature, CO2 biofixation and elemental composition of Chlorella sp. and Chlamydomonas sp. have been investigated. In Chlorella sp., N-depletion has enhanced the lipid productivity by 12.70–14.61%. In Chlamydomonas sp., though the lipid content has increased by 22–26% upon N-depletion, lipid productivity has not changed significantly due to concomitant decrease in biomass productivity by 18–25%. The presence of lipid was also confirmed by FTIR spectroscopic analysis of biomass. The characteristic bands observed at 1744.30 cm?1 (Chlamydomonas sp.) and (Chlorella sp.) were credited to lipids due to C–O mode of the side chain from ester carbonyl group. Extracted lipid was transesterified to FAMEs. Chlorella sp. at N-replete indoor condition has produced the highest weight percentage of C16:0 (26.64%), C18:0 (3.77%) and C18:1 (27.94%). In Chlamydomonas sp., N-replete indoor condition has resulted in maximum content of MUFA (30.12%), LUFA (53.35%), second highest SFA (29.22%) and DUFA (23.23%). Inverse relationship was observed between MUFA and PUFA at all cultivation conditions. In both the microalgae, C16:0, C18:1 (9), C18:2 (9, 12), C18:3 (9, 12, 15) were identified as the major FAMEs which are suitable to be used as biodiesel components
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Incidence of Cryptosporidium Oocysts in drinking water supply of Chennai city, Southern India(Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy)
(S. Tamilselvan, D. Loganathan, S. Kamatchiammal, Rakesh Kumar and Jayabalou,352,,167-171,Year : 2016)
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No information is available
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Evaluation of Preservative Effectiveness in Antacid, Cough Syrup and Ophthalmic Solution by Microbial Challenge Test(International Journal of Pharmacognosy)
(Nishant Dafale, Uttam Semwal, Piyush Agarwal, Pradip Sharma, G. N. Singh, 1(3),, 193-199,Year : 2014)
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Pharmaceutical preparations having high water content face the problem of microbial spoilage which affects consumer safety. Control on such problem is generally done by addition of specific preservative to these pharmaceutical preparations, but sometimes some physical changes and clinical hazards are observed even after addition of preservatives. The aim of present study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of preservatives in market samples of antacids, cough syrups and ophthalmic solutions through microbial challenge test. The samples of antacids, cough syrups and ophthalmic solutions were challenged with 3 bacterial and 2 fungal strains and results were periodically (0, 7, 14 and 28 day) investigated. The number of survive microorganisms were determined using standard microbiological dilution pour-plate technique. More than 1 log reduction of microbial counts was observed in all samples at 7 day. Moreover, the log reduction in microbial counts was significantly increased up to 28 day. Results showed that preservatives Sorbitol, Sodium Citrate, and Benzalkonium Chloride present in antacids, cough syrups and ophthalmic solutions respectively were effective against all the challenged microorganisms. Benzalkonium chloride as a preservative in ophthalmic solution was found to be most effective. Hence, from this study it is concluded that preservatives present in all tested liquid pharmaceutical preparations are effective in preventing contamination of the product during their use and storage.
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