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Catalytic ozonation of dye industry effluent using mesoporous bimetallic Ru-Cu/SBA-15 catalyst(Process Safety and Environmental Protection)
(Santosh P. Ghuge, Anil K. Saroha
,118,,125-132.,Year : 2018)
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Catalytic ozonation was employed for the degradation of aqueous solution containing reactive orange4 (RO4) azo dye and textile dye industry effluent using mesoporous bimetallic Ru-Cu/SBA-15 catalyst. The catalyst was synthesized and characterized using BET, SEM, TEM and EDX techniques. The effect of operational parameters like initial solution pH and ozone dose on the degradation of RO4 azo dye was studied. The degradation pathway of the dye solution was investigated using radical scavenger t-butanol. The optimum values of initial solution pH and ozone dose were found to be 9 and 5 g/m3 respectively. A colour removal efficiency of 100% and COD removal efficiency of 70.4% of RO4 dye aqueous solution were obtained at the optimum conditions after 21 min and 60 min of catalytic ozonation respectively. The colour and COD removal pathways were governed by direct ozone molecular and hydroxyl radical mechanism respectively. The bicarbonate ions present in the textile dye industry effluent were found to act as radical scavengers, thereby, lowering the COD removal efficiency significantly. The removal of bicarbonate ions from the effluent prior to its ozonation enhanced the COD removal efficiency from 30.2% to 90% after 4 h of catalytic ozonation.
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Effect of bulking agents and cow dung as an inoculants on vegetable waste compost quality(Bioresource Technology)
(Rich, N., Bharti, A., & Kumar S.,252, ,,83-90,Year : 2017)
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No information is available
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Inhalation exposure or body burden? Better way of estimating risk - an application of PBPK model(Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology)
(Dipanjali Majumdar; Chirasree Dutta; Subha Sen.,41 ,,54–61,Year : 2016)
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We aim to establish a new way for estimating the risk from internal dose or body burden due to exposureof benzene in human subject utilizing physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. We alsointend to verify its applicability on human subjects exposed to different levels of benzene. We estimatedpersonal inhalation exposure of benzene for two occupational groups namely petrol pump workers andcar drivers with respect to a control group, only environmentally exposed.Benzene in personal air was pre-concentrated on charcoal followed by chemical desorption and anal-ysis by gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). We selected urinarytrans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA) as biomarker of benzene exposure and measured its concentrationusing solid phase extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Our estimated inhalation exposure of benzene was 137.5, 97.9 and 38.7 g/m3for petrol pump workers,car drivers and environmentally exposed control groups respectively which resulted in urinary t,t-MAlevels of 145.4 ± 55.3, 112.6 ± 63.5 and 60.0 ± 34.9 g g−1of creatinine, for the groups in the same order.We deduced a derivation for estimation of body burden from urinary metabolite concentration usingPBPK model. Estimation of the internal dose or body burden of benzene in human subject has beenmade for the first time by the measurement of t,t-MA as a urinary metabolite using physiologically basedpharmacokinetic (PBPK) model as a tool. The weight adjusted total body burden of benzene was estimatedto be 17.6, 11.1 and 5.0 g kg−1of body weight for petrol pump workers, drivers and the environmentallyexposed control group, respectively using this method. We computed the carcinogenic risk using boththe estimated internal benzene body burden and external exposure values using conventional method.Our study result shows that internal dose or body burden is not proportional to level of exposure ratherhave a non-linear relationship. At a higher exposure level such as for occupational exposure of petrolpump workers and drivers, the conventionally estimated risk is higher than risk estimated from internalbody burden. Likewise, for environmental exposure the conventional risk estimation predict lower levelthan estimated in our study. This emphasizes the importance of body burden and to consider it as a keyparameter while estimating health risk at varying level of exposure.
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Modelling indigenous footpath and proximity cut-off values for municipal solid waste management: A case study of Ilorin, Nigeria(Procedia Environmental Sciences)
(A. S. Aremu and Ritesh Vijay,vol 35,,51-56,Year : 2016)
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No information is available
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Hydrodynamic Simulation of Flood wave using Dam Break Analysis in Hilly Terrain(Journal of Indian Association for Environment Management)
(Ritesh Vijay, Garima Jain Apurba Gupta,30,1,37-43,Year : 2003)
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A majority of river development projects forcing creation of a dam for hydroelectric generation, water supply, and/or recreational purposes warrants in-depth study on consequences of dam failure. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of such a catastrophic event due to the resulting surge wave in downstream of the dam. The study comprises hydrodynamic modeling of failure of a dam in hilly terrain using one dimensional dam break analysis to visualize a maximum credible failure (MCF) scenario due to 100-year return flood and breach formation. In this simulation, two bridges, confluences of two rivers and outflow from a powerhouse meeting in the downstream within the study area have also been considered. The simulation results include critical parameters like maximum flood discharges, maximum water levels and flood arrival time which are critical for the prediction of inundation in the downstream of the dam. The results may also be used to design protective measures to ensure the adequate security of the areas likely to be affected, as well as to develop flood warning system and emergency evacuation procedures.
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Functionalised Adsorbents for Carbon dioxide Capture(Materials Challenges and Testing for Manufacturing, Mobility, Biomedical ...)
(A Bansiwal, V Kumar, P Pillewan, N Labhsetwar, R Biniwale, S Rayalu,,,,Year : 2017)
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No information is available
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Reconnaissance of wild herb Cassia Tora l. for mineral contents in different growth stages
( S.D. Patil, S.J. Wankhade and P.K. Labhasetwar,,,,Year : 2015)
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No information is available
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Evaluation of coarse and fine particles in diverse Indian environments(Environment. Sci.)
(K. V. George, Dinakar D. Patil, Mulukutla N. V. Anil, Neelkamal, Babu J. Alappat, Prashant Kumar,24(4) ,,3363-3374,Year : 2016)
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The estimates of airborne fine particle (PM2.5) concentrations are possible through rigorous empirical correlations based on the monitored PM10 data. However, such correlations change depending on the nature of sources in diverse ambient environments and, therefore, have to be environment specific. Studies presenting such correlations are limited but needed, especially for those areas, where PM2.5 is not routinely monitored. Moreover, there are a number of studies focusing on urban environments but very limited for coal mines and coastal areas. The aim of this study is to comprehensively analyze the concentrations of both PM10 and PM2.5 and develop empirical correlations between them. Data from 26 different sites spread over three distinct environments, which are a relatively clean coastal area, two coal mining areas, and a highly urbanized area in Delhi were used for the study. Distributions of PM in the 0.43–10-μm size range were measured using eight-stage cascade impactors. Regression analysis was used to estimate the percentage of PM2.5 in PM10 across distinct environments for source identification. Relatively low percentage of PM2.5 concentrations (21, 28, and 32%) in PM10 were found in clean coastal and two mining areas, respectively. Percentage of PM2.5 concentrations in PM10 in the highly urbanized area of Delhi was 51%, indicating a presence of a much higher percentage of fine particles due to vehicular combustion in Delhi. The findings of this work are important in estimating concentrations of much harmful fine particles from coarse particles across distinct environments. The results are also useful in source identification of particulates as differences in the percentage of PM2.5 concentrations in PM10 can be attributed to characteristics of sources in the diverse ambient environments
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Efficient removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions by red seaweed, Kappaphycus alverezii(J Cleaner Prod )
(M Rathod, Kalpana Mody,,,484-493,Year : 2014)
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In the present study, dead biomass of marine macro algae, Kappaphycus alverezii (K. alverezii) was used for the removal of phosphate from water. The effect of different parameters such as contact time, adsorbate concentration, biosorbent dose and temperature was investigated. The biosorption kinetics data were best described by the pseudo-second order rate equation, and equilibrium was achieved after 80 min. The phosphate biosorption was governed by film diffusion process. The maximum phosphate biosorption on K. alverezii was 59.77 mg/g at 25 °C and it followed the Redlich-Peterson model. The biosorption on K. alverezii increased with increasing temperature and was the highest at pH 6.0. The calculated thermodynamic parameters (?G°, ?H° and ?S°) showed that the biosorption of phosphate onto K. alverezii biomass was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic at 15–45 °C. Results suggest that the prepared biomass of K. alverezii has potential in remediation of phosphate contaminated waters.
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Synthesis of acetone reduced graphene oxide/Fe3O4 composite through simple and efficient chemical reduction of exfoliated graphene oxide for removal of dye from aqueous solution(Journal of Materials Science)
(K Parmar, Isha Patel, ZVP Murthy
,,,6772-6783,Year : 2014)
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A simple and effective technique for reduction of graphene oxide at low temperature (70 °C) using acetone was reported for the first time. Magnetically recoverable acetone reduced graphene oxide (ARGO)/Fe3O4 composite was synthesized by uniformly decorating Fe3O4 on ARGO. The synthesized ARGO/Fe3O4 composite was characterized by the powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. An organic dye rhodamine 6G was used as an adsorbate for investigating the adsorption characteristics of the composite. The adsorption kinetic data were best described by the pseudo-second-order model, and equilibrium was achieved within 2 h. Dye adsorption was favored in basic conditions (pH 9–11) and governed by intraparticle diffusion process. The maximum dye adsorption on the composite was 93.37 mg/g at 293 K, and it followed the Langmuir–Freundlich model. The calculated thermodynamic parameters (?G°, ?H° and ?S°) showed that the dye adsorption onto composite was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic. The ARGO/Fe3O4 composite was easily controlled in magnetic field for desired separation, leading to an easy removal of the dye from wastewater, which holds great potential for dye decontamination.
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Understanding Mycobacteriophages through their unrevealed proteins(CiiT International Journal of Fuzzy Systems)
(S. G. Sanmukh, W. N. Paunikar ,,,,Year : 2012)
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No information is available
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Computer Programme for Estimation of Vehicular Emission from Roadways: A Case Study(Indian Journal of Environment Protection)
(M. Bhushan, Vol.18 (8),,p. 608-612,Year : 2016)
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No information is available
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Dynamics of effluent treatment plant during commissioning of activated sludge process unit"(Environmental Science and Pollution Research)
(,,,,Year : 2015)
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No information is available
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Effect of Innoculum-substrate ratio on acclimatization of pharmaceutical effluent in an anaerobic batch reactor(Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering (JESE))
(R. Saravanane, M. Lavanya and R. Sivacoumar,Vol.50 3,,p. 19-196,Year : 2016)
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No information is available
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Kinetic study approach of remazol black-B use for the development of two-stage anoxic-oxic reactor for decolorization/biodegradation of azo dyes by activated bacterial consortium(Journal of Hazardous Material )
(Nishant Dafale, Satish Wate, Sudhir Meshram & Tapas Nandy
,159 ,,319-328,Year : 2008)
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The laboratory-isolated strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus circulance, NAD 1 and NAD 6 were observed to be predominant in the bacterial consortium responsible for effective decolorization of the azo dyes. The kinetic characteristics of azo dye decolorization by bacterial consortium were determined quantitatively using reactive vinyl sulfonated diazo dye, remazol black-B (RB-B) as a model substrate. Effects of substrate (RB-B) concentration as well as different substrates (azo dyes), environmental parameters (temperature and pH), glucose and other electron donor/co-substrate on the rate of decolorization were investigated to reveal the key factor that determines the performance of dye decolorization. The activation energy (Ea) and frequency factor (K0) based on the Arrhenius equation was calculated as 11.67 kcal mol−1 and 1.57 × 107 mg l g MLSS−1 h−1, respectively. The Double-reciprocal or Lineweaver–Burk plot was used to evaluate Vmax, 15.97 h−1 and Km, 85.66 mg l−1. The two-stage anoxic–oxic reactor system has proved to be successful in achieving significant decolorization and degradation of azo dyes by specific developed bacterial consortium with a removal of 84% color and 80% COD for real textile effluents vis-a-vis ` ≥90% color and COD removal for synthetic dye solution
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Ozonation of Reactive Orange 4 dye aqueous solution using mesoporous Cu/SBA-15 catalytic material(Journal of Water Process Engineering)
(Santosh P. Ghuge, Anil K. Saroha
,23,,217-229.,Year : 2018)
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The catalytic ozonation using mesoporous SBA-15 supported copper catalyst (Cu/SBA-15) was employed for the degradation of reactive orange 4 (RO4) azo dye in aqueous solution. The catalyst was synthesized and characterized using BET, SEM, TEM and EDX techniques. The characteristic results revealed highly ordered mesoporous structure, uniform pore sizes, parallel arranged channels and large surface area for the catalyst. The effects of copper loading on SBA-15, initial solution pH and ozone dose on the degradation of RO4 dye were studied. The complete colour removal from RO4 azo dye aqueous solution was obtained after 21 min of ozonation. The maximum TOC removal efficiency of 86% was obtained at optimum operational conditions of 2% copper loadings, initial solution pH 9 and ozone dose of 5 g/m3 after 60 min reaction time. The degradation pathway of catalytic ozonation reaction was studied by adding t-butanol as radical scavenger and it was found that the presence of radical scavenger had no effect on colour removal efficiency suggesting direct ozone molecular type mechanism. However, TOC removal efficiency was significantly reduced with the addition of t-butanol, thereby, indicating a hydroxyl radical based mechanism. The catalytic ozonation reaction followed pseudo-first order kinetics with respect to RO4 dye concentration. The reusability study for the catalyst suggested a negligible loss in the degradation efficiency after five runs of experiments. The stability of the catalyst was studied by performing leaching experiments which suggested that the catalyst has the potential to be utilized for the degradation of aqueous dye solution.
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Aerated bio filters with multiple-level air injection configurations to enhance biological treatment of methane emissions(Bioresource Technology)
(Farrokhzadeh, H., Hettiaratchi, J.P.A., Jayasinghe, P., &S Kumar,239, ,,219-225,Year : 2017)
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No information is available
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Characterization of Bioaerosols and their Relation with OC, EC and Carbonyl VOCs at a Busy Roadside Restaurants-Cluster in New Delhi.(Aerosol and Air Quality Research)
(Smita Agarwal, Papiya Mandal, Dipanjali Majumdar, Shankar G. Aggarwal, Anjali Srivastava,16,,3198–3211,Year : 2016)
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Measurement of biological particles (bioaerosols) in ambient air is of great importance as it is directly linked with the health issues. However, data on the bioaerosols characterization are scarce. Here we report on the concentration and characterization of bioaerosols (including bacterial and fungal aerosols) as well as determination of organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) in total suspended particulate matter (TSPM) at a busy roadside restaurants-cluster site in New Delhi. In addition, 14 carbonyl volatile organic compounds (carbonyl VOCs) were also measured and their relationship with bioaerosols and OC/EC is assessed. The culturable airborne bacterial and fungal concentrations (CAB and CAF) at restaurant area varied significantly in different seasons ranging from 1.7 × 104–9.8 × 104 (averaged 6.3 × 104 ± 2.6 × 104 cfu m–3) and 3.5 × 102–9.5 × 103 (3.9 × 103 ± 3.1 × 103 cfu m–3) cfu m–3, respectively. Major concentration peaks of TSPM, OC, EC as well as bacterial and fungal aerosols were found in winter and spring seasons. These peaks can be attributed to the low atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) height and favourable meteorological conditions for microbial growth in winter and spring seasons in New Delhi. Good correlations (R2 > 0.5) were observed between CAB, CAF, TSPM and OC. On the other hand, CAB and CAF were not found to be correlated with carbonyl compounds (R2 < 0.2) indicative of their diverse sources. The bacterial identification was done by 16s rDNA sequencing and the identified strains were Bacillus sp., Bacillus firmus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus pumilus, Acinetobacter sp. and Acinetobactor radioresistens gene. Predominant fungal genera identified were Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Alternaria and Fusarium, which are known for adverse health effects causing numerous allergic and pathogenic inflammations.
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A multi-temporal analysis for change assessment and estimation of algal bloom in Sambhar Lake, Rajasthan, India(Environmental Monitoring and Assessment)
(Ritesh Vijay,S. M. Pinto, Vikash K. Kushwaha, Sukdeb Pal and Tapas Nandy ,188 (9) Article No. 510,,,Year : 2016)
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Sambhar Lake in Rajasthan, India is the major inland salt water lake producing salt for centuries. The present study addresses the monitoring changes in and around the lake and its consequent effect on the lake water ecology. For this, satellite images of the years 1976, 1981, 1997, and 2013 are analyzed for land use land cover classes. Significant reduction in the water body is observed in contrast with the increase in salt pan around the periphery of lake and wetland classes. Further, the extent of water body and algae in the lake are delineated as per normalized difference water index and normalized difference vegetation index. Rainfall data do not indicate any major change in the pattern, but drastic decrease in the extent of water body and significant increase in algal bloom are serious concerns for the lake’s existence. This may be due to surrounding anthropogenic activities and construction of check dams and anicuts in the lake catchment which curtail the runoff into the lake and provide favorable growth of algae. Sambhar Lake, being declared as a wetland according to the Ramsar Convention, is necessary to protect and conserve the ecological importance of the lake through sustainable planning and management.
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Adoptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System for Traffic Noise Prediction(International Journal of Computer Applications)
(A Sharma, R Vijay, GL Bodhe, LG Mailk,98 (13),,, 14-19,Year : 2014)
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An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is implemented to evaluate traffic noise under heterogeneous traffic conditions of Nagpur city, India. The major factors which affect the traffic noise are traffic flow, vehicle speed and honking. These factors are considered as input parameters to ANFIS model for traffic noise estimation. The proposed ANFIS model has implemented for traffic noise estimation at eight locations. The results have been compared and analyzed with observed noise levels and the coefficient of co-relation between observed and predicted noise level was found to be in range of 0.70 to 0.95. The model performance has also been compared with Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Calculation of road traffic noise (CRTN) and regression noise models and it is observed that the model performs better than conventional statistical noise model. The propose
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