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Biogas Generation from Low Strength Domestic Wastewater by Using Partially Phased Anaerobic Process(Journal of Chemical & Environmental Research)
(,,,,Year : 2015)
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No information is available
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Long memory in air pollutant concentrations(Atmospheric Research)
(A.B. Chelani
,171,,1-4,Year : 2015)
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In the present paper, long-memory in air pollutant concentrations is reviewed and outcome of the past studies is analyzed to provide the possible mechanism behind temporal evolution of air pollutant concentrations. It is observed that almost all the studies show air pollutant concentrations over time possess persistence up to a certain limit. Self-organized criticality of air pollution, multiplicative process of pollutant concentrations, and uniformity in emission sources leading to self-organized criticality are few of the phenomena behind the persistent property of air pollutant concentrations. The self-organized criticality of air pollution is linked to atmosphere's self-cleansing mechanism. This demonstrates that inspite of increasing anthropogenic emissions, self-organized criticality of air pollution is sustained and has low influence of human interventions. In the future, this property may, however, be perturbed due to continuous air pollution emissions, which may influence the accuracy in predictions
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Investigation of Particulate Matter Performances in relation to Chalk Selection in Classroom Environment(Indoor & Built Environment)
(S. Goel, R. Patidar, K. Bari, RS Thakur
,26(1),,119-131,Year : 2015)
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This study aims to understand dust generation in classroom indoor for different chalk varieties and their potential doses to receptors in correlation with their physicochemical properties. Two representative chalks of extruded calcium carbonate and moulded gypsum type (total four) were used for writing on ceramic and wooden boards. Chalks were characterized using analytical techniques. Investigation of Particulate Matter (PM): PM2.5, PM10 and Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) concentrations in classroom air generated during the writing and wiping with chalk and board system was done. Dust collected beneath the board was analyzed for particle size distribution. Calcium carbonate made dustless chalks generate less PM during writing and wiping. They are quick settling and non-interacting with receptors, and deliver better utilization of material as compared to gypsum chalks. Physicochemical properties of the chalk constituents were invoked to explain the dust generation and its impact on the user. Surprisingly, dustless chalk made from Gypsum cannot be called really as dustless because of more PM emissions. The age-specific average potential dose for both PM10 and PM2.5 is higher for gypsum chalk as compared to the calcium carbonate chalks. The highest dose was estimated for the children in the age group of 6–11 years
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Future trend assessment of Regional Climate Variability screening past 20 years meteorological status(Int. J. of Advanced Scientific & Technical Research)
(Anirban Middey and Nimisha Jaiswal, 4 (5) ,,58-73,Year : 2015)
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The tasks of providing multi - decadal climate projections and seasonal climate predictions are of significant societal interest and pose major scientific challenges. The present study describes the global climate system context in which to interpret Nagpur and surrounding region environmental change to support planning and implementation of various strategies in the face of climate change. Here the classification and analysis of various climatic and meteorological parameters has been undertaken that have been proposed as relevant for understanding variations in climatic conditions of the Nagpur region (21.15 ?N, 79.09 ?E). The statistical and numerical analysis of past two decades data has been done. Two patterns of season stand out in our analysis i.e. the winter (December, January, February) and pre - monsoon (March, April, May). Some thermodynamic parameters (CAPE, CIN and sensible heat flux), rainfall, and surface evaporation along with planetary boundary layer have been studied in this work. The results obtained from the statistical analysis of past decades data are being utilized for predicting the future scenario using various trend projection techniques. These experiments, however, are only preliminary, and form the first stage of a wider study into how the climate variability occurs due to such meteorological parameters and in the future under various scenarios of future climate change
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Pretreatment of garden biomass using Fenton's reagent: influence of Fe2+ and H2O2 concentrations on lignocelluloses degradation(Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering)
(Bhange, V.P. William, S.P.M.P. Sharma, A. Gabhane, J. Vaidya, A.N.Wate, S.R,13,IF1.65,,Year : 2015)
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No information is available
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Shape-dependent skin penetration of silver nanoparticles: does it really matter?(Scientific Reports)
(Yu Kyung Tak, Sukdeb Pal, Pravin K Naoghare, Sabarinathan Rangasamy, Joon Myong Song,Vol(5),Issue(1),Pages(1-11),,,Year : 2015)
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Advancements in nano-structured materials have facilitated several applications of nanoparticles (NPs). Skin penetration of NPs is a crucial factor for designing suitable topical antibacterial agents with low systemic toxicity. Available reports focus on size-dependent skin penetration of NPs, mainly through follicular pathways. Herein, for the first time, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept study that entails variations in skin permeability and diffusion coefficients, penetration rates and depth-of-penetration of differently shaped silver NPs (AgNPs) via intercellular pathways using both in vitro and in vivo models. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs is known.
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Sensitivity of PBL Parameterization schemes of Weather Research Forecasting Model and coupling with AERMOD in the dispersion of NOX over Visakhapatnam (India)(Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering)
(R.Boadh, A NAV Satyanarayana, S. Madala,,,356-368,Year : 2015)
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An attempt has been made to develop a pre?processor coupler for offline coupling of atmospheric mesoscale model (WRF) with a dispersion model (AERMOD) to estimate the ground level concentrations due to industrial sources over a coastal city, Visakhapatnam, India. To integrate AERMOD in standalone mode, surface and upper meteorological observations and various planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameters with good temporal resolution are required, that are absent for most locations in India. We have developed an integrated WRF?AERMOD modeling system that gets required PBL parameters the pre?processor coupler. Using this model, evaluation of the dispersion of nitrogen oxides (NOX) over Visakhapatnam during summer month with emission inventory of elevated point sources of various industries is conducted. Sensitivity studies of PBL schemes of WRF after validation reveal that the non?local schemes, Yonsei University (YSU) followed by Asymmetric Convective Model version 2 (ACM2), captured well the characteristic variations of surface meteorological variables, vertical atmospheric structure. After validating with monitored air quality data, it is found that the integrated model with YSU followed by ACM2 is good in simulating ground level concentrations of NOX. The present work advocates that the developed modeling system is useful for better assessment of pollution dispersion over coastal regions. © 2015 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Re-emergence of Swine flu in Central India, 2014. (Indian Pediatrics)
(Dhande L
, 52(1),,77,Year : 2015)
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No information is available
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A 454 sequencing approach to dipteran mitochondrial genome research.(Genomics)
(Meganathan, B. S., Wells, J.D., Guerrero, F., Ray, D. A. ,,, 53-60,Year : 2015)
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The availability of complete mitochondrial genome (mtgenome) data for Diptera, one of the largest metazoan orders, in public databases is limited. The advent of high throughput sequencing technology provides the potential to generate mtgenomes for many species affordably and quickly. However, these technologies need to be validated for dipterans as the members of this clade play important economic and research roles. Illumina and 454 sequencing platforms are widely used in genomic research involving non-model organisms. The Illumina platform has already been utilized for generating mitochondrial genomes without using conventional long range PCR for insects whereas the power of 454 sequencing for generating mitochondrial genome drafts without PCR has not yet been validated for insects. Thus, this study examines the utility of 454 sequencing approach for dipteran mtgenomic research. We generated complete or nearly complete mitochondrial genomes for Cochliomyia hominivorax, Haematobia irritans, Phormia regina and Sarcophaga crassipalpis using a 454 sequencing approach. Comparisons between newly obtained and existing assemblies for C. hominivorax and H. irritans revealed no major discrepancies and verified the utility of 454 sequencing for dipteran mitochondrial genomes. We also report the complete mitochondrial sequences for two forensically important flies, P. regina and S. crassipalpis, which could be used to provide useful information to legal personnel. Comparative analyses revealed that dipterans follow similar codon usage and nucleotide biases that could be due to mutational and selection pressures. This study illustrates the utility of 454 sequencing to obtain complete mitochondrial genomes for dipterans without the aid of conventional molecular techniques such as PCR and cloning and validates this method of mtgenome sequencing in arthropods.
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Evaluation of the effect of size reduction and thermal treatment on metal extraction from PCBs of mother board and digital video drive of desktop PC(Current Science)
(,Vol. 110,5,,Year : 2015)
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The study aims at evaluating the effect of particle size and thermal treatment on printed circuit boards (PCBs) of Mother Board (MB) and DVD on metal extraction. Results show around 90-95% (w/w) and 35-40% (w/w) of total Al and Cu respectively, in CPU could be recovered by systematized disassembly. Remaining embedded Al and Cu require metallurgical or hydro-metallurgical processing. Cu extraction increases with size reduction. Thermal treatment of MB-PCB shows reduction in Cu extraction (23-38%) for all sizes in comparison without thermal treatment, while DVD-PCB showed surge in extraction after thermal treatment (41-141%) in comparison without thermal treatment.
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A review on water Resources Availability and management practices in India(Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering (JESE))
(,Volume 57,3,271-286,Year : 2015)
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Conservation and management of water resources is critically important for a vast and fast developing country like India. However, rapidly increasing population and continuous betterment of lifestyle has put tremendous pressure on water resources around major cities leading to alarmingly reduction in per capita water availability. Moreover, increasing fluctuations in precipitation over the country has only aggravated the problem. This paper presents the current and future water scenario in India and also discusses the impacts of various factors like population, pollution, mismanagement, climate change, government laws & regulations etc. on water resources and its availability. While emphasis has been laid on water productivity and various government initiatives, the paper also discusses and analyzes limitations in water management. Based on study and analysis, the paper finally recommends Best Management Practices (BMP) & Best Available Technologies (BAT) used & practiced worldwide for effective & efficient water management in India. The paper also highlights the importance of Public Private Community Partnership (PPCP) along with the recently developed monitoring tools and data information systems for sustainable & effective water resource management to meet present requirements without compromising the future needs.
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Separation of WPCBs by dissolution of brominated epoxy resins using DMSO and NMP: A comparative study(Chemical Engineering Journal)
(,280,,391-398 ,Year : 2015)
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Printed circuit boards (PCBs) in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) abide of valuable and hazardous materials and due to its complex and discrete make up across manufacturers, processing of waste PCBs (WPCBs) is a massive challenge. And therefore either completely novel or improved processes are needed for recycling of WPCBs and recovery of valuable materials from it. Present comparative study, was performed for processing WPCBs using solvents N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Various parameters, which include WPCB sizes; solid to liquid (S/L) ratio; temperature and time, were investigated to understand the WPCBs processing by dissolving bromine epoxy resin using solvents. Results showed that the rate of removal and separation of the bromine epoxy resin (BER) increases with respect to increasing various parameters. Optimum condition of complete separation of WPCBs using NMP were S/L ratio of 1:5, WPCB size/area of 4 mm/16 mm2 and 100 °C for 90 minutes, whereas for DMSO the optimum dissolution of bisphenol A were obtained in S/L ratio of 1:2, size/area of 6 mm/36 mm2 at 90 °C for 90 min. Overall, NMP proves to be better solvent for bromine epoxy resin than DMSO in terms of bisphenol A dissolution and separation of various layers of WPCB. Used solvents can be vaporised–condensed under the decompression for regeneration. This novel process can be an eco-friendly and effective option for separation and recovery of various valuable materials such as metals, glass fibres, etc. from WPCBs. Further research and testing is needed for precise evaluation between two processes using NMP or DMSO solvents, in terms of the valuable material recovery from WPCB and process techno-economics.
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A mechanical automatic Urinal-Toilet flusher for Swach Bharat Mission (5th International Conference on Solid Waste Management (IconsSWM) 2015 ISWMAW held during Nov. 25-27, 2015)
(,,,391-396 ,Year : 2015)
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No information is available
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Vehicular Pollution near Roadways in Chennai City(Indian Journal of Environment Protection)
(,,,,Year : 2015)
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No information is available
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Poster Presentation at Indian Science Congress Jammu on the topic “Green IT : Crafting Pathway for Sustainable & Inclusive Development ” at Rastriya Vigyan sancharak Sammelan
(,,,,Year : 2015)
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No information is available
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Line of Models for Vehicular Pollution prediction(Indian Assocation of Environment Management)
(,,,,Year : 2015)
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No information is available
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Microbe assisted phytoremediation of oil sludge and role of amendments (International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Technology)
(,,,,Year : 2015)
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A mesocosm study was evaluated to elucidate the influence of amendments such as microbial consortium, plant (Vetiveria zizanioides), bulking agent (wheat husk) and nutrients on remediation of oil sludge over a period of 90 days. The experiment was conducted in a 15 m2 plot which was divided into eight units comprising of soil sludge mixture (1:1) at CSIR-NEERI premises. During the experiment, oil degradation was estimated gravimetrically and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were quantified on GC–MS. Additionally, dehydrogenase activity was also monitored. The treatment integrated with bulking agent, nutrients, consortium and plant resulted in 28-fold increased dehydrogenase activity and complete mineralization of higher PAHs. Furthermore, 72.8 % total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) degradation was observed in bulked treatment with plant, nutrients and consortium followed by 69.6 and 65.4 % in bioaugmented treatments with and without nutrients, respectively, as compared to control (33.4 %). A lysimeter study was also conducted simultaneously using Vetiver and consortium to monitor groundwater contamination by heavy metals in oil sludge which showed a marked decrease in the concentrations of metals such as lead and cadmium in leachates. This study validates a holistic approach for remediation of oil sludge contaminated soils/sites which is a burning issue since decades by the use of microbe assisted phytoremediation technology which not only solves the problem of oil contamination but also takes care of heavy metal contamination.
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Dynamics of effluent treatment plant during commissioning of activated sludge process unit"(Environmental Science and Pollution Research)
(,,,,Year : 2015)
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No information is available
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Recycling and treatment of herbal pharmaceutical wastewater using Scenedesmus quadricuada, (Current Science)
(,,,,Year : 2015)
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Globally, herbal pharmaceutical industries are among the leading pharmaceutical industries. They generate large volume of wastewater during processing and production, which is highly biodegradable in nature and cannot be discharged into environment as such. Hence efforts are being made to evaluate the toxicity of herbal pharmaceutical effluents using green algae Scenedesmus quadricauda. Physico-chemically treated effluents (PCTEs) as well as biologically treated effluents (BTEs) were observed after the application of S. quadricauda. Also, S. quadricauda showed higher growth rate after the addition of PCTE and BTE. The highest yield of algae was observed in BTE up to 15 days of incubation by synthesis of chlorophyll and cell metabolites, even with 10-100% dilution of effluents. The present study also discusses the evaluation of biotoxicity and recycling on herbal pharmaceutical wastewater along with heavy metal removal.
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Solar assisted alkali pretreatment of garden biomass: Effects on lignocellulose degradation, enzymatic hydrolysis, crystallinity and ultra-structural changes in lignocellulose
(,,,,Year : 2015)
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A comprehensive study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of solar assisted alkali pretreatment (SAAP) on garden biomass (GB). The pretreatment efficiency was assessed based on lignocellulose degradation, conversion of cellulose into reducing sugars, changes in the ultra-structure and functional groups of lignocellulose and impact on the crystallinity of cellulose, etc. SAAP was found to be efficient for the removal of lignin and hemicellulose that facilitated enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. FTIR and XRD studies provided details on the effectiveness of SAAP on lignocellulosic moiety and crystallinity of cellulose. Scanning electron microscopic analysis showed ultra-structural disturbances in the microfibrils of GB as a result of pretreatment. The mass balance closer of 97.87% after pretreatment confirmed the reliability of SAAP pretreatment. Based on the results, it is concluded that SAAP is not only an efficient means of pretreatment but also economical as it involved no energy expenditure for heat generation during pretreatmeny.
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