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MIKE 3 as a modeling tool for flow characterization: A review of applications on water bodies
(R.V. Moharir, K. Khairnar, W.N. Paunikar,,,p 32-43 ,Year : 2014)
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No information is available
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Flow Characterization of Water Bodies: a review(International Journal of COmputing and Technology)
(R.V. Moharir, K. Khairnar, W.N. Paunikar,,, p 1-4 ,,Year : 2014)
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No information is available
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Non-Ferrous Metals in E-waste: Opportunities and challenges(18th International Conference on Research and Industrial Practices exclusive on Non-ferrous Minerals and Metals (ICNFMM 2014))
(Kalpana Tomar,,,,Year : 2014)
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E-waste comprises of old, end-of-life electrical and electronic appliances which have been disposed of by their original users. E-waste contains many hazardous and toxic constituents that may negatively impact the environment and affect human health, if not properly managed. Also it contains valuable and precious material including the non-ferrous metals which can be a good source of business opportunities if being recovered and recycled. E-waste management system followed in developing countries faces many country specific issues viz. socio-economic conditions, lack of infrastructure, absence of appropriate legislations for E-waste, approach and commitments of the concerned, etc. The paper presents E-waste scenario in developing countries like India, potential of valuable non-ferrous valuable materials, recycling/recovery processes followed and their environmental and occupational hazards besides various challenges for E-waste management in developing countries like India. E-waste is viewed as a potentially valuable resource for precious and non-ferrous metals. Due to which, the management of E-waste, if properly carried out, is an opportunity as it is often called as “urban mining”.
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Reduction in the Carbon Footprint of Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plants by Promoting Compact Fluorescent Lamps and Light-Emitting Diodes in Households, Offices, and Commercial Centers(Assessment of Carbon Footprint in Different Industrial Sectors)
(,Vol 2,,105-134 ,Year : 2014)
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"The electricity consumption of compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) and light-emitting diode (LED) lamps is low, making them a useful tool for minimizing the rapidly increasing demand for electrical energy in India and elsewhere. This chapter aims to project the likely electrical energy conservation in a scenario of complete replacement of existing fluorescent tubes (FTs) by CFLs or LEDs at the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), including the financial repercussions and indirect reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases (e.g. CO2, N2O, CH4) and carbon footprint, as well as a few important air pollutants (e.g. SO2, NO, black carbon, suspended particulate matter (SPM), mercury) in a coal-fired thermal power plant. The calculations show that the institute could save around 129,870 and 164,970 kW h of electricity per annum by replacing FTs with CFLs and LEDs, respectively, thereby saving approximately INR 1357,142 (US$21,935.37) and INR 1723,937 (US$27,863.85) in electricity costs per year for CFLs and LEDs, respectively. The use of CFLs and LEDs would be able to minimize approximately 47,127.14 and 59,863.94 kg of CO2–C equivalent emissions over a 100-year time horizon, respectively. Moreover, reductions of approximately 961, 1,039, 10, 390, 19, and 0.55 kg of SO2, NO, BC, SPM, PM10 and Hg emissions per year, respectively, could be achieved in electricity conservation by replacing FTs with CFLs at CSIR-NEERI. Reductions of approximately 1,221, 1,320, 13, 495, 25 and 0.7 kg of SO2, NO, BC, SPM, PM10 and Hg emissions per year, respectively, could be achieved by replacing FTs with LEDs at CSIR-NEERI. "
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Components for Digital Libraries (Journal of the Young Librarians Association)
( Rajesh Kumar Lohiya, Vijay D. Madkey andDr. (Mrs.) JijiCyriac,Vol. No. 7,,,Year : 2014)
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No information is available
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A REVIEW ON WATER RESOURCES AVAILABILITY AND ITS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN INDIA(Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science )
(Sushant Wath and Poonam Prasad,,,,Year : 2014)
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No information is available
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Indoor and Outdoor Carbon Concentration of Fine Aerosol in a Mega City- Mumbai(Indian Journal of Air Pollution Control)
(, XIV ,1,5-15,Year : 2014)
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The present study monitored indoor and outdoor fine particles, PM$_(2.5), in four sites categorized as control (C), kerb (K), residential (R) and industrial (I) within Mumbai, India during summer, post-monsoon and winter seasons during year 2007-2008. The average outdoor PM$_(2.5) mass concentrations at C, K, R and I site were 77.6±18.19, 96.3±35.47, 88.9±39.12, 96.8±24.53 microgram/m$^3 and indoors was 93.7±4.99, 99.1± 47.4, 69.8±27.02, 76.6±28.05 microgram/m$^3 respectively. The Indoor/Outdoor (I/O) ratio for PM2.5 was 1.24±0.23, 1.01±0.12, 0.8±0.07 and 0.78±0.18 at the respective sites. Elemental Carbon (EC) and Organic Carbon (OC) values in fine aerosol have been estimated for indoor and outdoor air using thermal optical reflectance method. The average annual OC contributions at C, K, R and I sites outdoors were 25.15%, 33.07%, 36.86%, 30.04% respectively and indoors were 32.45%, 28.55%, 35.12%, 25.19% respectively. On the other hand, for the same sites outdoor EC contributions were 6.66%, 11.11%, 8.73%, 7.86% and indoor were 9.99%, 13.23%, 9.46% and 4.72% respectively. The I/O ratio for OC was 1.66±0.6, 0.96±0.2, 0.79±015, 0.78±0.41 whereas for EC was 1.73±0.66, 1.21±0.29, 0.73±0.39, 0.48±0.24 respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients were estimated to understand the correlation among indoor and outdoor pollutant. At kerbsite all the pollutants were highly correlated, whereas at the rest of the sites a mixed correlation was observed depending upon the site. This study indicated that vehicular emission source which operates close to the ground level has more impacts on household close to the traffic which may affect health exposures. The industrial indoor site was cleanest among all the four sites as it was a high rise apartment with good ventilation. The indoor concentration was higher than outdoor concentration although site selected was supposed to be a control area in Mumbai city. Findings in this study were also compared with other international studies.
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Plant-Mediated Green Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles(Journal of Nanoparticles)
(,Vol. 2014,,,Year : 2014)
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In the recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a state-of-the-art and cutting edge technology with multifarious applications in a wide array of fields. It is a very broad area comprising of nanomaterials, nanotools, and nanodevices. Amongst nanomaterials, majority of the research has mainly focused on nanoparticles as they can be easily prepared and manipulated. Physical and chemical methods are conventionally used for the synthesis of nanoparticles; however, due to several limitations of these methods, research focus has recently shifted towards the development of clean and eco-friendly synthesis protocols. Magnetic nanoparticles constitute an important class of inorganic nanoparticles, which find applications in different areas by virtue of their several unique properties. Nevertheless, in comparison with biological synthesis protocols for noble metal nanoparticles, limited study has been carried out with respect to biological synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles. This review focuses on various studies outlining the novel routes for biosynthesis of these nanoparticles by plant resources along with outlining the future scope of work in this area.
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Degradation of di through hepta chlorobiphenyl in clophen oil using microorganisms isolated from long term PCB contaminated soil (Indian Journal of Microbiology)
(,,,,Year : 2014)
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Present work describes microbial degradation of selected polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners in Clophen oil which is used as transformer oil and contains high concentration of PCBs. Indigenous PCBs degrading bacteria were isolated from Clophen oil contaminated soil using enrichment culture technique. A 15 days study was carried out to assess the biodegradation potential of two bacterial cultures and their consortium for Clophen oil with a final PCBs concentration of 100 mg kg?1. The degradation capability of the individual bacterium and the consortium towards the varying range of PCBs congeners (di- through hepta-chlorobiphenyls) was determined using GCMS. Also, dehydrogenase enzyme was estimated to assess the microbial activity. Maximum degradation was observed in treatment containing consortium that resulted in up to 97 % degradation of PCB-44 which is a tetra chlorinated biphenyl whereas, hexa chlorinated biphenyl congener (PCB-153) was degraded up to 90 % by the consortium. This indicates that the degradation capability of microbial consortium was significantly higher than that of individual cultures. Furthermore, the results suggest that for degradation of lower as well as higher chlorinated PCB congeners; a microbial consortium is required rather than individual cultures
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Ambient Noise Level Prediction during Festival Season in Metro City of South East Asian Region(International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications)
(,,,,Year : 2014)
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No information is available
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Cytochrome P450 BM3 of Bacillus megaterium - A possible endosulfanbiotransforming gene( Journal of Environmental Sciences)
(,,,,Year : 2014)
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Computing chemistry was applied to understand biotransformation mechanism of an organochlorine pesticide, endosulfan. The stereo specific metabolic activity of human CYP-2B6 (cytochrome P450) on endosulfan has been well demonstrated. Sequence and structural similarity search revealed that the bacterium Bacillus megaterium encodes CYP-BM3, which is similar to CYP-2B6. The functional similarity was studied at organism level by batch-scale studies and it was proved that B. megaterium could metabolize endosulfan to endosulfan sulfate, as CYP-2B6 does in human system. The gene expression analyses also confirmed the possible role of CYP-BM3 in endosulfan metabolism. Thus, our results show that the protein structure based in-silico approach can help us to understand and identify microbes for remediation strategy development. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report which has extrapolated the bacterial gene for endosulfan biotransformation through in silico prediction approach for metabolic gene identification.
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Dynamics of effluent treatment plant during commissioning of activated sludge process unit (Environmental Science and Pollution Research)
(,,,,Year : 2014)
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Industrial effluent treatment plants (ETPs) are very important in protecting the environment and different life forms from harmful industrial waste. Hence, the efficiency of ETPs must be regularly monitored, particularly after major repair or replacement work. Present study evaluated the performance of an ETP over a period of 4 months, during which aeration tank (T1) of the activated sludge unit was replaced with a new one (T2). System had to be maintained operational during this transition, which warranted close monitoring of the system performance due to the daily load of hazardous industrial wastewater. Analysis showed that the raw wastewater was highly variable in composition and contained many hazardous organic and inorganic pollutants, such as heavy metals, bisphenol A and cyanoacetylurea. It showed significant toxicity against HepG2 cells in vitro. However, the ETP was found to successfully treat and detoxify the wastewater. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis showed large temporal fluctuations in the ETP microbial community, which is consistent with the variable composition of wastewater. It indicated that functional stability of the ETP was not associated with stability of the microbial community, probably due to high microbial biodiversity and consequently high functional redundancy. In conclusion, the CETP showed consistent level of detoxification and microbial community dynamics after switching to T2, indicating successful development, acclimatization and commissioning of T2.
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Evaluation of Preservative Effectiveness in Antacid, Cough Syrup and Ophthalmic Solution by Microbial Challenge Test(International Journal of Pharmacognosy)
(Nishant Dafale, Uttam Semwal, Piyush Agarwal, Pradip Sharma, G. N. Singh, 1(3),, 193-199,Year : 2014)
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Pharmaceutical preparations having high water content face the problem of microbial spoilage which affects consumer safety. Control on such problem is generally done by addition of specific preservative to these pharmaceutical preparations, but sometimes some physical changes and clinical hazards are observed even after addition of preservatives. The aim of present study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of preservatives in market samples of antacids, cough syrups and ophthalmic solutions through microbial challenge test. The samples of antacids, cough syrups and ophthalmic solutions were challenged with 3 bacterial and 2 fungal strains and results were periodically (0, 7, 14 and 28 day) investigated. The number of survive microorganisms were determined using standard microbiological dilution pour-plate technique. More than 1 log reduction of microbial counts was observed in all samples at 7 day. Moreover, the log reduction in microbial counts was significantly increased up to 28 day. Results showed that preservatives Sorbitol, Sodium Citrate, and Benzalkonium Chloride present in antacids, cough syrups and ophthalmic solutions respectively were effective against all the challenged microorganisms. Benzalkonium chloride as a preservative in ophthalmic solution was found to be most effective. Hence, from this study it is concluded that preservatives present in all tested liquid pharmaceutical preparations are effective in preventing contamination of the product during their use and storage.
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Common Effluent Treatment Plants for Heterogeneous Cluster of Industries and Its Performance(National Journal of Life Sciences)
(Kishore Malviya and M. Suresh Kumar
, 11(2),,187-190,Year : 2014)
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It has been almost over two decades since the concept of Common Ef?uent Treatment Plant (CETP), has been established successfully in India. CETPs have worked well for the cluster of similar type of Industries; however, the CETPs catering to a cluster of heterogeneous industries are still facing a problem of under performance resulting in regulatory issues. To address this problem, a CETP treating combined wastewater from heterogeneous cluster of 175 industries manufacturing different products, was studied. The CETP's performance and related problems were assessed by collecting wastewater samples from different stages of treatment and a detailed physico-chemical and bio-chemical analysis of these wastewater samples. The treat ability studies were conducted to address these problems, which were mostly pertaining to optimization of chemical additions in the primary treatment stages and addition of nutrients in the activated sludge process. The operational parameters were reset on the basis of outcome of the treatability studies and the performance of the CETP was again assessed after a period of 45 days of operation at reset operating conditions. The performance of the CETP substantially improved and the ?nal discharge could conform to the regulatory standards.
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Role of algal biofilm in improving the performance of free surface, up-flow constructed wetland(Bioresource Technology)
(Neha Badhe , Shaswati Saha, Rima Biswas, Tapas Nandy,volume 169,,page 596-604,Year : 2014)
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No information is available
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Solubilization and elimination of coliforms from sewage sludge by sonication(Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering (JESE))
(Snehal Pathki, M. Suresh Kumar and A.N. Vaidya.
,561: ,,89-92.,Year : 2014)
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Disposal of sewage secondary excess sludge is a great problem globally, and stabilization of this excess sludge by anaerobic digestion is hampered due to its constituents resistant to biodegradation. Sludge pre-treatment enhances the performance of anaerobic digestion. In this study, sewage sludge was collected from a full-scale sewage treatment plant and characterized. Ultrasonic method was used for the excess sludge disintegration of microbial flocks and cells, so as to breakdown the intracellular or extracellular polymeric materials to enhance the anaerobic digestion. The studies related to the effect of sonication on release of nutrients, increase in soluble COD and reduction in pathogenic coliforms as well as heterotrophic microorganisms and the optimization of sonication time were carried out. The results showed that the twenty minutes sonication (25 kHz) increased the soluble COD content, nutrient release and complete disappearance of fecal as well as total coliforms in the treated sludge. The results are presented and discussed in this paper.
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Physico-chemical parameters and correlation coefficients of Ground water of Shahdol District(Asian Academic Research Journal of Multidisciplinary)
(Tripathi, I.P., A. P. Dwivedi, M. Suresh Kumar and S. S. Gautam,Vol: 122,, 2319-2801,Year : 2014)
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The optimum values of initial solution pH and ozone dose were found to be 9 and 5 g/m3 respectively. A colour removal efficiency of 100% and COD removal efficiency of 70.4% of RO4 dye aqueous solution were obtained at the optimum conditions after 21 min and 60 min of catalytic ozonation respectively. The colour and COD removal pathways were governed by direct ozone molecular and hydroxyl radical mechanism respectively.
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Detoxifying of high strength textile effluent through chemical and bio-oxidation processes(Bioresource Technology)
(Pravin Manekar, Guarav Patkar, Pawan Aswale, Manisha Mahure & Tapas Nandy,volume 157,,page 44-51,Year : 2014)
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Small-scale textile industries (SSTIs) in India struggled for the economic and environmental race. A full-scale common treatment plant (CETP) working on the principle of destabilising negative charge colloidal particles and bio-oxidation of dissolved organic failed to comply with Inland Surface Waters (ISW) standards. Thus, presence of intense colour and organics with elevated temperature inhibited the process stability. Bench scale treatability studies were conducted on chemical and biological processes for its full-scale apps to detoxify a high strength textile process effluent. Colour, SS and COD removals from the optimised chemical process were 88%, 70% and 40%, respectively. Heterotrophic bacteria oxidised COD and BOD more than 84% and 90% at a loading rate 0.0108 kg m?3 d?1 at 3 h HRT. The combined c
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Physico-chemical characteristics of soil in Shahdol District of Vindhya Platue(Journal of Applicable Chemistry)
(Tripathi, I.P., Arving P. D and M. Suresh Kumar,Vol: 3(3),, 1155-1164,Year : 2014)
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The bicarbonate ions present in the textile dye industry effluent were found to act as radical scavengers, thereby, lowering the COD removal efficiency significantly. The removal of bicarbonate ions from the effluent prior to its ozonation enhanced the COD removal efficiency from 30.2% to 90% after 4 h of catalytic ozonation.
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Assessment of Ground Water Quality in Umaria District, Vindhya Pradesh, India(Journal of Applicable Chemistry)
(Tripathi, I.P., Arvind P. D and M. Suresh Kumar
,Vol:3 (2),,798-811.,Year : 2014)
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The Physico-chemical analysis of ground water samples from eight hand pumps in 3 tehsil, 2 crop field and 3 village place of the Umaria district under Vindhya Pradesh, M.P. India results indicated that during the seasons (rainy, winter and summer). The samples were analyzed for temperature, pH, turbidity, DO, BOD, COD, nitrate, nitrite, chloride, sulphate, phosphate and heavy metals. The ground water samples from all the location in the Umaria District are found to be within the prescribed limits as physico-chemical characteristics are concerned except sulphates concentration. The content of Cd and Cu in the analyzed water samples were below the permissible limit set by BIS (1992) as 1.5 and 0.01 mg L-1 The mean values of each parameters together with its standard deviation (SD) and coefficient variation (CV) were calculated. The present study deals with the various relationship derived statistically by calculation 'r' and 't' among the physico-chemical parameters.
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