Sub-Vertical 1B: Water Resource

Evaluation of Centrally sponsored schemes of Accelerated Urban Water Supply Programme (AUWSP) Image

Evaluation of Centrally sponsored schemes of Accelerated Urban Water Supply Programme (AUWSP), (Year : 2018)

WHO Fellowship Training programme on Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance and Emergency Water Supply and Sanitation Image

WHO Fellowship Training programme on Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance and Emergency Water Supply and Sanitation, (Year : 2018)

CSIR Network project titled Development of techniques in Exploration, Assessment and Management of groundwater in hard rock areas (CORE-0005) Image

CSIR Network project titled "Development of techniques in Exploration, Assessment and Management of groundwater in hard rock areas" (CORE-0005), (Year : 2018)

Optimization of Use of Chlorine and its Compounds in India Image

Optimization of Use of Chlorine and its Compounds in India, (Year : 2018)

Impact of On-site Sanitation Systems on the Quality of Ground and Surface Water Resources Image

Impact of On-site Sanitation Systems on the Quality of Ground and Surface Water Resources, (Year : 2018)

Study on Surveillance of Drinking Water Quality in Selected 11 Cities / Towns in India Image

Study on Surveillance of Drinking Water Quality in Selected 11 Cities / Towns in India, (Year : 2018)

Impact of Silt disposal from Beas-Sutlej Link (BSL) Project on Aquatic Life in Sutlej River water Image

Impact of Silt disposal from Beas-Sutlej Link (BSL) Project on Aquatic Life in Sutlej River water, (Year : 2018)

Development of Directory of Drinking Water Quality Laboratories in the Country - Phase II Image

Development of Directory of Drinking Water Quality Laboratories in the Country - Phase II, (Year : 2018)

Study of Ground Water Aquifer system at Jagannathpuri and its Protection from contamination Image

Study of Ground Water Aquifer system at Jagannathpuri and its Protection from contamination, (Year : 2018)

2nd Maharashtra Water Supply and Sanitation Project - Water Quality Assessment Image

2nd Maharashtra Water Supply and Sanitation Project - Water Quality Assessment, (Year : 2018)

To determine water quality of representative samples of dug/bore wells and public supplies of drinking water, mainly in the GPs selected for study
To find possible correlation between the pollutants and factors influencing their appearance in the water supplies and
To identify sources of pollution and suggest mitigation measures as deemed necessary to contain the level of contamination

Scope of Work:

Reconnaissance survey of identified villages for selection of sampling locations and collection of secondary data on water supply, agricultural practices, health and social aspects etc. Collection of a total about 300 representative samples from traditional water sources as well as taps in public water supply schemes from selected 20 villages of five districts based on the following criteria :

Open dug wells in the agricultural field
Open dug wells in the household backyard and at public places
Bore wells with hand pumps
Water at treatment plant (before and after treatment)
Water at collection points (MWS & PWS)
Tap water at households / schools / health centers / market place etc.
Water stored in households

Summary:

The chemical water quality problems in study villages are excess fluoride, iron, nitrate, TDS and hardness
The individual pesticide levels in the samples are within the WHO guideline values regulated for drinking water
The bacteriological analysis results indicate that 81% of the sources are positive for total coliform and out of this, 86% samples are positive for faecal coliform and 76% sources are positive for faecal streptococci.
Not only the dug wells and surface water sources, but many hand pumps and bore wells are also bacteriologically contaminated
The bacterial contamination of water sources may be attributed to poor sanitary condition around water sources, improper drainage facilities near hand pumps and bore wells and location of other pollution sources like cattle shed, latrine soak pit near water sources
There is significant increase in bacterial contamination between collection at water sources and eventual use which may be attributed to unhygienic personal habits of the villagers

Study on surveillance of drinking water quality in selected cities / towns in India. Image

Study on surveillance of drinking water quality in selected cities / towns in India., (Year : 2018)

Preamble Out of all the physical environments of man, water influences human health very prominently and significantly. Furthermore the impact of water on human health are both direct and indirect. The direct impacts of water on health are derived from the quality of water consumed and the indirect impacts pertain to the quantity used for personal, domestic and household hygiene. The general observation of the international agencies is that the impact on health caused by the poor water supply is felt the most by the urban-poor as they typically lack access to services at levels which promote good health, often use water supplies of lower quality and commonly pay more per unit volume. The low-income communities are supposed to be at the greatest risk from water-related diseases.

Surveillance of drinking water quality, SDWQ, is conceptualized as an organised programme to protect public health through the identification of inadequacies and by promoting timely implementation of action to control risks in supply of adequate quantity of water of desirable quality at affordable cost. A focus on any single issue will not be adequate to provide the information and practices essential to protect public health through safe water supply. Surveillance of drinking water quality may be defined as "the continuous and vigilant public health assessment and overview of the safety and acceptability of drinking water supplies".

Necessity of Water Quality and Surveillance Programme The impact on health caused by poor water supply is felt enormously by the urban economically weaker section of the society and hence warrants the need for surveillance programmes to focus mainly on the weaker group of the society. Water quality is a key factor in promoting good health as water may contain disease-causing microorganisms (pathogens) or chemicals that are toxic. The principal concern is microbiological quality of water and more particularly so when pathogens derived from faeces are found in the water. Such pathogens cause a number of diseases, often affecting very large number of people over a short period of time. Many of these diseases, such as cholera, typhoid and dysentery may cause severe symptoms in patients and in some cases are fatal. Small children in particular are often vulnerable to diseases caused by such pathogens as reflected in high infant mortality and morbidity rates in many developing countries.

A detailed physico-chemical analysis followed by systematic monitoring of microbiological quality should be performed before any water source is used for supply to the community. This is not the direct responsibility of the surveillance agency, but it should be ensured and the results, should be reviewed. In few of the above, Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation, Government of India retained the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) to carryout, "Study on Surveillance of Drinking Water Quality in 25 Selected Cities/Towns in India".

Groundwater contamination studies and its remedial measures due to construction of ash bund and allied works for ash disposal at STPS, Sarni (Dist: Betul), Madhya Pradesh, (Year : 2018)